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Hinduism: Beliefs
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To conclude this brief presentation of Hinduism is to say that there is a rich Hindu scriptural literature having a wide range of beliefs and philosophical approaches. Basically, Hinduism is not homogenous by nature, but rather diverse, depending on the historical period and the specific school of thought. The spiritual charge of any spiritual concept is never lost, but rather becomes added to a wider spiritual picture ... being integrated within the new layers of Hinduism. Therefore there are many "methods" or "recommendations" to any spiritual progress and finally to "[L]iberation" or "salvation". It can be said that Hinduism is one long human endeavour to bring down the divine consciousness by sanctification of the human existence itself.
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Hinduism is an extremely diverse religion. Although some tenets of the faith are accepted by most Hindus, scholars have found it difficult to identify any doctrines with universal acceptance among all denominations.[11] Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include Dharma (ethics/duties),
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Hinduism includes a variety of practices, primarily spiritual service in devotion (Bhakti Yoga), selfless service (Karma Yoga), knowledge (Jp;#257;na Yoga) and meditation (Rāja Yoga). These are described in the two principal texts of Hindu Yoga: The Bhagavad Gītā and the Yoga Sūtras. The Upanishads are ... important as a philosophical foundation for these practices. The Yogas provide a sort of alternate path (or faiths) that links together various Hindu beliefs, and can also be used to categorise non-Hindu beliefs that are seen as paths to mokṣha, or nirvāṇa. [edit]
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Other interpretations of the remains of the Harappa culture are more speculative and, if accepted, would indicate that many features of later Hinduism were already in existence 4,000 years ago. The fact that Harappans buried their dead with grave deposits, a practice not followed by the later Hindus, suggests that they had some belief in an afterlife.
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Contrary to popular belief, one of the most widely misunderstood current peculiar concepts is the idea that Hinduism somehow teaches that all religions are equal. When critics of Christianity claim it is intolerant and ethnocentric to state that Jesus is the only way to Heaven.. they completely overlook or are totally unaware of the the fact that Hindus consider Hinduism to Be “the eternal way of Truth” (Below)
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For Hinduism, as for other religious traditions, the name is an umbrella term which does not demand a total homogeneity. (To draw a parallel: the ritual of an African independent Christian church will be far removed from a Coptic or Armenian liturgy, and yet all come under the name 'Christian'.) But if Hinduism embraces a 'family of religious beliefs', we still need to find something which can be called the 'ethos' of Indian religion.
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