LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Herbert Hoover: Governments
built 278 days ago
Hoover married his college sweetheart, Lou Henry, in 1899. The couple went to China where Hoover worked to develop mines for the government there and were caught up in the Boxer Rebellion of 1900 when a group rose up against foreigners. They were eventually able to leave the country. Undeterred from the dangers they faced in China, thecouple continued to travel as Herbert Hooverworked business projects around the world for a number of years.
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Hoover transformed the Commerce Department into an effective instrument for implementing his philosophy. He fostered the growth of trade associations to bring improved efficiency and stability to industry, promoted American foreign trade, and expanded the Department's information and statistical services. He ... set up a Division of Housing to encourage home building, built the Bureau of Standards into one of the country's leading scientific research institutions, and successfully pushed for stronger government regulation of the commercial aviation and radio industries.
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Some of the reform policies Hoover implemented included the expansion of coverage of civil service, the cancellation of private oil leases on government lands, the leading the way for the prosecution of notorious gang leader Al Capone. He ... advocated tax reduction for low-income Americans and doubled the numbers of veteran hospital facilities. Hoover appointed a commission which set aside 3 million acres (12,000 km²) of national parks and 2.3 million acres (9,000 km²) of national forests.
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Hoover's position overlooked the fact that the problem of unemployment and the resultant poverty was too big for the private sector and state and local governments to handle adequately. By 1932 unemployment had reached 24.9% nationwide. This was so massive a problem that only the federal government, with its borrowing power and its ability to print currency, could cope with it. Nonetheless, Hoover refused to budge.
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Hoover's influence became increasingly important in all economic questions facing the Federal government. Believing that management and labor must cooperate for the good of all, he favored collective bargaining (though not the closed shop), worked behind the scenes to resolve labor disputes, and encouraged development of privately financed unemployment insurance. For relief to farmers he opposed government price-fixing of agricultural products, instead favoring increased Federal assistance to farm marketing cooperatives.
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Hoover's impotent refusal to fight the depression, constitutional government might have collapsed. As it was, FDR was able to roll back the disintegration, but economic depression and mass unemployment were not overcome until 1940 and the passage of Lend-Lease.
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