LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Government: Us Government
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Many urban centers have set up Web portals to facilitate the citizen-to-government interface necessary to support the delivery of services. An electronic interface as a one-stop destination for public access to information on various aspects of government functions well as a single window for the delivery of government services. However, rural centers and cities that lack the infrastructure necessary for every citizen to have Web access are disadvantaged because in the absence of Web connectivity, provisioning of government services is done manually. In regions that don't have Internet access, citizens are forced to wait in long lines for each service or information request. The pilot project using SCO Mobile Server enables electronic provisioning of services and access to government information using a cell phone over the cell carrier network. Since cell coverage in rural areas is readily available, nearly every citizen in Indore will gain electronic access to services and information.
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By the end of the 1950s, the U.S. government — or rather, the few and scattered people in Congress and the bureaucracy who took any interest in weather science — had become vaguely aware that there was a risk of unwanted climate change. This awareness was largely the doing of a highly respected oceanographer, Roger Revelle. As soon as his studies of CO2 convinced Revelle that the oceans probably would not absorb all the gas that human industry was producing, even before publishing the results he took the matter to both government officials and journalists. When a committee of the National Academy of Sciences produced a "First general report on climatology to the Chief of the Weather Bureau" in 1957, it picked up a metaphor that Revelle had begun to use: "In consuming our fossil fuels at a prodigious rate, our civilization is conducting a grandiose scientific experiment."(10) Meanwhile Revelle came before a Congressional committee to testify that the rise of CO2 might bring severe climate shocks within the next century.
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An Islamic government was installed in Iran only after the Iranian Revolution and the ouster of the shah in 1979. The role of Islam in government has varied. Most Islamic states are so described because the majority of their populations are Muslims and they utilize elements of Islam to guide their activities. Many of their constitutions include provisions that the state is Islamic, that Islam is the established religion, or that certain officials (generally, the head of state) must be Muslim, but in most states some of the elements of Islam coexist with extensive borrowings from Western and secular conceptions of government and political life. In some states, Islam has been used as a mechanism for achieving and sustaining the legitimacy of the regime; in others it has been a mobilizing force to generate popular opposition to government policies. The Iranian revolution (1979) established a regime in which Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and the clerics who supported him dominated the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government as well as the military, the media, and the Revolutionary Guards, and traditional Islamic law was enshrined as the law of the land.
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The Prime Minister of Canada is the head of government. The prime minister is appointed by the governor general, but to ensure the continuity of a stable government, this person must have the confidence of the House of Commons to lead the government. In practice, the position usually goes to the leader of the political party that has the most seats in the lower house. On several occasions in Canadian history no party has had a majority in the House of Commons and ... one party, usually the largest, forms a minority government. As of 2007, Canada's government has a minority government.
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Under no conditions may government violate anyone's rights, by initiating force against others. A proper government is permitted to use force to retaliate against a thief who has initiated force against someone (in the act of robbing them). However, a proper government is not permitted to copy the means of private criminals by initiating force against its citizens. The government is not even permitted to rob them of their wealth--even, or rather especially, if the stolen loot is to be used for so called "noble" purposes, such as for the sick and poor. No end (even for the "poor") ever justifies an illegitimate means (the initiation of force). Any man who initiates force against others is a dictator, and should be treated as such, to the extent he initiates force.
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One of the most influential theories of government in the past two hundred years has been the social contract, on which modern democracy and most forms of socialism are founded. Contemporary liberalism such as in the United States... tends to work under a social contract theory. The social contract theory holds that governments are created by the people in order to provide for collective needs (such as safety from crime, invasion, natural disasters) that cannot be properly satisfied using purely individual means. Governments thus exist for the purpose of serving the needs and wishes of the people, and their relationship with the people is clearly stipulated in a "social contract" (a constitution and a set of laws) which both the government and the people must abide by. If a majority is unhappy, it may change the social contract. If a minority is unhappy, it may persuade the majority to change the contract, or it may opt out of it by emigration or secession.
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