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German: Languages
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Standard German has originated not as a traditional dialect of a specific region, but as a written language. However, there are places where the traditional regional dialects have been replaced by standard German; this is the case in vast stretches of Northern Germany, but ... in major cities in other parts of the country.
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The German program focuses on the study of the languages, literatures, and cultures of Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. The program is committed to providing students with a strong foundation in these rich and diverse literary, historic, artistic, and cultural traditions. Students develop a solid theoretical foundation in intellectual history, critical theory, and intercultural studies.
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The first dictionary of the Brothers Grimm, the 16 parts of which were issued between 1852 and 1860, remains the most comprehensive guide to the words of the German language. In 1860, grammatical and orthographic rules first appeared in the Duden Handbook. In 1901, this was declared the standard definition of the German language. Official revisions of some of these rules were not issued until 1998, when the German spelling reform of 1996 was officially promulgated by governmental representatives of all German-speaking countries. Since the reform, German spelling has been in an eight-year transitional period where the reformed spelling is taught in most schools, while traditional and reformed spellings co-exist in the media. See German spelling reform of 1996 for an overview of the public debate concerning the reform with some major newspapers and magazines and several known writers refusing to adopt it.
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During the 1870s, the German language successfully replaced Latin as the dominant language in all major European and North American universities, thanks to the prominence of German universities at the time. Most important research in the sciences for some decades afterward was published in German, and new universities preferred German instead of Greek or Latin mottos (e.g., Stanford University.)
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The vocal leadership of the German-American community inadvertently worsened tensions. The depredations of Belgium, they believed, had been exaggerated by Germany's enemies, especially Great Britain, in a deliberate attempt to draw the United States into the war-an attempt made all the easier by the two nations' common language and Wilson's noted allegiance to English culture. The publisher of the German-language Omaha Tribüne, Val Peter, reflected this mentality in a
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Students in the graduate program will have the opportunity to work closely with the faculty of the German program and with professors of the other languages and literatures to develop a truly interdisciplinary education. Students are encouraged to choose a minor in a related field, such as comparative literature, film studies, gender studies etc.
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