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George Orwell: Old England
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In 1903, George Orwell was born Eric Arthur Blair in Motihari, Bengal. The son of an agent in the Indian Civil Service, Blair moved to England in 1911 to begin his education. With a lackluster academic performance, he graduated from the famed public school Eton at the age of 18.
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George Orwell is the pseudonym of Eric Arthur Blair. Orwell was born in Motihari, India and went to college at Eton College in England. He served with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma from 1922-1927.
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When Eric Arthur Blair was 19 years old -- and hadn't yet picked up his pen name of George Orwell -- he went to the far reaches of the British Empire. He joined the Imperial Police Force in Burma and spent five years there in the 1920s.
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George and Eileen Orwell then lived in Morocco for half a year so he could recover from his wound. In that time, he wrote Coming Up for Air, his last novel before World War II. It is the most English of his novels; alarums of war mingle with images of idyllic Thames-side Edwardian childhood of protagonist George Bowling. The novel is pessimistic; industrialism and capitalism have killed the best of Old England, and there were great, new external threats. In homely terms, Bowling posits the totalitarian hypotheses of Borkenau, Orwell, Silone and Koestler: "Old Hitler's something different. So's Joe Stalin.
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George Orwell was born Eric Arthur Blair. The son of a civil servant, he was born in India in 1903. His family having moved to England in 1907, he commenced studies at Eton in 1917, where he contributed to several college magazines.
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In early 1936, Orwell was commissioned by Victor Gollancz of the Left Book Club to write an account of poverty among the working class in the depressed areas of northern England, which appeared in 1937 as The Road to Wigan Pier. He was taken into many houses, simply saying that he wanted to see how people lived. He made systematic notes on housing conditions and wages and spent several days in the local Public Library consulting reports on public health and conditions in the mines. He did his homework as a social investigator. The first half of the book is a social documentary of his investigative touring in Lancashire and Yorkshire, beginning with an evocative description of work in the coal mines. The second half of the book, a long essay in which Orwell recounts his personal upbringing and development of political conscience, includes a very strong denunciation of what he saw as irresponsible elements of the left.
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