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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (August 27, 1770 - November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher born in Stuttgart, W�rttemberg, in present-day southwest Germany. He received his education at the T�binger Stift (seminary of the Protestant Church in W�rttemberg), where he was friends with the future philosophers Friedrich Schelling and Friedrich H�lderlin. He became fascinated by the works of Spinoza, Kant, and Rousseau, and by the French Revolution. Many consider Hegel's thought to represent the summit of 19th Century Germany's movement of philosophical idealism. It would come to have a profound impact on many future philosophical schools such as Existentialism, as well as the historical materialism of Karl Marx.
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel is one of the greatest systematic thinkers in the history of Western philosophy. In addition to epitomizing German idealist philosophy, Hegel boldly claimed that his own system of philosophy represented an historical culmination of all previous philosophical thought. Hegel's overall encyclopedic system is divided into the science of Logic, the philosophy of Nature, and the philosophy of Spirit. Of most enduring interest are his views on history, society, and the state, which fall within the realm of Objective Spirit. Some have considered Hegel to be a nationalistic apologist for the Prussian State of the early 19th century, but his significance has been much broader, and there is no doubt that Hegel himself considered his work to be an expression of the self-consciousness of the World Spirit of his time. At the core of Hegel's social and political thought are the concepts of freedom, reason, self-consciousness, and recognition.
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was born 27 August 1770, in Stuttgart, Swabia. Beethoven was ... born in 1770; the nineteenth century was destined to be a great period in Germany's cultural history. Hegel's father, Georg Ludwig Hegel, worked in the department of finance for the Duchy of Württemberg. Hegel was the oldest of three children, and therefore bore a great deal of responsibility. Hegel's mother died when he was just eleven, resulting in even greater responsibilities for the young Hegel.
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Born in Stuttgart and educated in Tübingen, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel devoted his life wholly to academic pursuits, teaching at Jena, Nuremberg, Heidelberg, and Berlin. His Wissenschaft der Logik (Science of Logic) (1812-1816) attributes the unfolding of concepts of reality in terms of the pattern of dialectical reasoning (thesis — antithesis — synthesis) that Hegel believed to be the only method of progress in human thought, and Die Encyclopädie der philosophischen Wissenschaften im Grundrisse (Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences) (1817) describes the application of this dialectic to all areas of human knowledge. Hegel's Naturrecht und Staatswissenschaft im Grundrisse and Gundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts (Philosophy of Right) (1820) provide an intellectual foundation for modern nationalism.
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, perhaps the greatest of the German idealist philosophers, was born at Stuttgart, August 27, 1770. Hegel studied theology at Tübingen, where he met Schelling and Hölderlin, was a family tutor in Berne (1793) and Frankfurt-am-Main (1796), and in 1801 as privatdozent at Jena, edited with Schelling the Kritische Journal der Philosophie (1802-1803), in which he outlined his system with its emphasis on reason rather than the Romantic intuitionism of Schelling, which he attacked in The Phenomenology of Mind (1807). He had been appointed to an extraordinary professorship at Jena, but the Napoleonic victory there (1806) closed the University and Hegel became editor of a Bamburg newspaper and, from 1808 to 1816, had master of a Nuremberg school, where he instructed the unfortunate boys in a potted version of his, the most complicated of all philosophical systems. In his second great work, The Science of Logic (1812, 1816), he set out his famous dialectical Logic and in the Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences (1817), his tripartite system of logic, philosophy of nature and of mind, republished in 1821 with paragraphs of his students' lecture notes added. The last was written in Heidelberg, where Hegel became professor in 1816. In 1818 he succeeded Fichte in Berlin and until his death in 1831 was virtually the dictator of German philosophical thinking.
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was born at Stüttgart in 1770; died at Berlin in 1831. After studying theology at Tübingen he devoted himself successively to the study of contemporary philosophy and to the cultivation of the Greek classics. After about seven years spent as private tutor in various places, he began his career as university professor in 1801. His first appointment was at Jena. After an intermission of a year which he spent as newspaper editor at Bamberg, and a short term as rector of a gymasium at Nuremberg, he was made professor of philosophy at Heidelberg in 1816, whence he was transferred to the University of Berlin in 1818. Hegel's principle works are his "Logic" (Wissenschaft der Logik, 1816), his "Phenomenology of Spirit" (Phanomenologie des Gesites, 1807), his "Encyclopedia" (Encyklopädie der philosophischen Wissenschaften, 1817), and his Philosophy of History (Vorlesungen uber die Philosophie der Geschichte, 1820).
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel