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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Stuttgart Gymnasium
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Hegel aimed at an almost Aristotelian comprehensiveness. He set out in three parts his system of logic based initially on the substantiation of the ‘idea’, which he describes as Logos, and which in turn develops and manifests itself in Nature before it reaches the third stage embracing Ethics (concepts of morals as well as the legal administration of justice). These three, Sitte, Recht, and Staat, are compressed in a single term, culture. This third stage (culture) in turn forms the basis for a parallel development of God's self-realization in man, and of man's increasing consciousness of a dialectical evolution which determines Hegel's approach to history. Die Phänomenologie des Geistes was ready in proof form for his pupils in Jena in 1806, the year in which he had to leave to escape the Napoleonic occupation (see Napoleonic Wars). Over the next ten years Hegel was for a short time successively editor of the Bamberger Zeitung, and headmaster (Rektor) at Nuremberg Gymnasium.
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Hegel soon became thoroughly acquainted with the Greek and Roman classics while studying at the Stuttgart Gymnasium (preparatory school) and was familiar with German literature and science. Encouraged by his father to become a clergyman, Hegel entered the seminary at the University of Tübingen in 1788. There he developed friendships with the poet Friedrich Hölderlin and the philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling. From Hölderlin in particular, Hegel developed a profound interest in Greek literature and philosophy. Early on and throughout his life, Hegel recorded and committed to memory everything he read – and he read profusely! Hegel worshipped Goethe and long regarded himself as inferior to his brilliant contemporaries Schelling and Hölderlin.
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In 1784 Hegel entered Stuttgart's Gymnasium Illustre. During his adolescence Hegel read voraciously, copying lengthy extracts in his diary. Authors he read include the poet Klopstock and writers associated with the Enlightenment such as Christian Garve and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. Hegel's studies at the Gymnasium were concluded with his Abiturrede ("graduation speech") entitled "The abortive state of art and scholarship in Turkey."
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Hegel was born on August 27, 1770 in Stuttgart, in the Duchy of Württemberg in southwestern Germany. Christened Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, he was known as Wilhelm to his close family. His father, Georg Ludwig, was
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Born in Stuttgart on August 27, 1770, Hegel contracted smallpox at the age of 3. His mother (who died of this same disease eight years later) had tutored him in Latin before he entered grammar school. Her influence upon him apparently was considerable since he later wrote, “in the early years it is education by the mother especially which is important, since ethical principles must be implanted in the child in the form of feeling.” (Scharfstein, p. 231) Another influence upon young Hegel was his family’s rigid Lutheranism. While his attitude toward religion and his conception of it varied, he wrote about religion throughout his life.
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Hegel wurde am 27. August 1770 in Stuttgart geboren und wuchs in einem pietistischen Elternhaus auf. Vom Vater ermuntert, Theologe zu werden, trat er 1788 ins Tübinger Stift ein, wo er mit dem Dichter Friedrich Hölderlin und dem Philosophen Friedrich Schelling Freundschaft schloss. Nachdem er sein Studium der Philosophie und Theologie abgeschlossen und sich gegen ein geistliches Amt entschieden hatte, wurde Hegel 1793 Privatlehrer in Bern. 1797 nahm er eine ähnliche Stelle in Frankfurt/Main an.
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Stuttgart Gymnasium