LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Lesser Logic
built 628 days ago
In Britain, Hegel exercised an influence on the philosophical school called "British Idealism," which included Francis Herbert Bradley and Bernard Bosanquet, in England, and Josiah Royce at Harvard. However, Analytic philosophy, which dominated philosophy departments in the United States and the United Kingdom and still does, was virtually founded when G. E. Moore and Bertrand Russell rejected British Idealism and their colleagues' admiration for Hegel. Hegel remains largely out of fashion in these departments even to this day. Logical Positivists such as Alfred Jules Ayer and the Vienna Circle criticized his ideas and their supporters such as F. H. Bradley.
Source:
Hegel was called to fulfill Niethammer's project on the reforming of education and school organization. Bavaria at this time was modernizing her institutions. The school system was reorganized by new regulations, in accordance with which Hegel wrote a series of lessons in the outlines of philosophy - ethical, logical and psychological, published in 1840 by Rosenkranz from Hegel's papers as 'Philosophical Propaedeutics' (translated by A.V. Miller, 1986). Hegel struggled against opposition and conservatism from the Bavarian administration, still he succeeded both as an administrator and as a teacher.
Source:
At Frankfort, meanwhile, the philosophic ideas of Hegel first assumed the proper philosophic form. In a MS. of 102 quarto sheets, of which the first three and the seventh are wanting, there is preserved the original sketch of the Hegelian system, so far as the logic and metaphysics and part of the philosophy of nature are concerned. The third part of the system - the ethical theory - seems to have been composed afterwards; it is contained in its first draft in another MS. of 30 sheets. Even these had been preceded by earlier Pythagorean constructions envisaging the divine life in divine triangles.
Source:
[F]or Hegel, logic is necessarily a dynamic. To affirm static categories and ideas is artificially cut short the inherent process, and thereby sever the means by which one arrives at truth , or, more appropriately, the means by which truth finds its fullest expression and apprehension. Each finite and static expression of the truth is, of itself, necessarily true. But, as static, it falls short of final expression. It holds within itself its negation, its relative falsehood. The goal of logic, therefore, is not the construction of truths from static Notions, but rather the explicit expression of the truth implicit in them, and the synthesis of these notions into the Idea.
Source:
The Science of Logic sees Hegel similarly concerned with the discovery of truth but ... with the problem of a starting point for philosophical analysis. Initially, however, Hegel is concerned to show that the weakness of traditional logic is that it separates form from content. For instance, formal logic would regard the following as ‘true’: all men are stupid, Galileo was a man, therefore Galileo was stupid. In form this is correct, each statement can be deduced from one another, but in content it can only be decided by experience whether the main premiss and the conclusion are ‘true’. In contrast, Hegel argues that ‘real’ logic can only come about if thought is allowed to develop itself free from the imposition of formal rules of traditional logic. Consequently, he wants to begin without any such presuppositions.
Source:
This idea is generalized and formalized by Hegel into a theory which permeates his system. The dialectic comes about when two conflicting theses are reflected upon and a unity is discerned which includes both of them, resulting in a synthesis. The term for this uniting is called sublation, or in German, Aufhebung which means a cancellation, preservation, and transcending. (Audi, p. 315) The resulting synthesis then becomes a new thesis (while still retaining vestiges of the previous theses). For Hegel, a thesis incorporates its own antithesis or complement (as in: A is non-A), so the dialectic movement can proceed by sublating the new pair of theses, thereby producing another synthesis, and so on. For an example of dialectic, consider “being” and contrast it with “non-being.” The synthesis that issues from these is “becoming.” However, there are cases in which the two theses are not logical negations of each other. For example, the ancient city-state (characterized by unity) is “negated” by modern individualism (characterized by fragmentation and alienation) and these are sublated by a state which preserves unity while at the same time affording freedom to the individual.
Source:
MORE ABOUT
Lesser Logic