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Geopolitics: Cold War
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Geopolitics was ... an ideology in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries—a self-conscious set of beliefs on which elites and leaders of the great powers acted. It was the thinking behind the imperialism of that period, the logic for the acquisition of colonies with specific geographical locations. The incidents leading up to the First World War came out of this mode of thinking, such as the 1898 Fashoda incident over the headwaters of the Nile River that gave rise to a near conflict between Third Republic France and late Victorian Britain.
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Cold War geopolitics made Western Europe synonymous with “Europe” as the United States’ partner in the Western alliance, and that usage implicitly excluded countries behind the iron curtain from a European identity. American leaders supported European integration in order to have a more effective partner against the Soviet Union, but specifically European imperatives largely drove the idea. [26] Cooperative efforts to advance postwar recovery and promote economic integration led to the formation of a European Economic Community with the Treaty of Rome in 1957. Jean Monnet sought to achieve Europe’s political and military union along with economic integration by gradually transferring functions from national to supranational control. European institutions provided a means of transcending geopolitical factors that their advocates saw as the cause of two world wars. Monnet’s Europe ... represented an idea more than an actual place.
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In addition, now that both nations are richer and have new technology, both are quickly modernizing their militaries, causing powerful shifts in geopolitics not seen since the end of the Cold War. Finally, as India and China industrialize, their already dire pollution is worsening. The result is blackened air and water for them, along with danger for the world's environment.
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"With the cold war over, more global conflicts are being spurred by a scramble for natural resources rather than by geopolitics, and poor countries rich in mineral deposits are the new focal point." 12/8
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