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Genetics: Individuals
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Although the science of genetics has its origins in the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-1800s, various theories of inheritance preceded Mendel. These theories generally assumed that there existed an inheritance of acquired characteristics: the belief that individuals inherit traits that have been strengthened in their parents. Today, the theory is commonly associated with Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who used this pattern of inheritance to explain the evolution of various traits within species (these changes are now understood to be the product of natural selection rather than a product of soft inheritance).
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Pioneer Hi-Bred, a DuPont business and world leader in agricultural plant genetics, and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), an internationally recognized leader in plant biology, have collaborated on individual projects over the past decade. This multi-project, multi-year effort will allow for a deeper sharing of information that aims to facilitate unique approaches to long-term agronomic challenges.
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The related subfield of quantitative genetics, which builds on population genetics, aims to predict the response to selection given data on the phenotype and relationships of individuals. A more recent development of quantitative genetics is the analysis of quantitative trait loci. Traits that are under the influence of a large number of genes are known as quantitative traits, and their mapping to a location on the chromosome requires accurate phenotypic, pedigree and marker data from a large number of related individuals.
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