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Gambia: River Gambia
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Gambia, in West Africa, is a small, narrow country with an outlet to the Atlantic Ocean. In 1588 Britain purchased from Portugal trading rights to this territory extending along both sides of the Gambia River. Independence came in 1965. After nearly 30 years of democratic rule, Gambia's president was ousted by a military coup in 1994. The constitution was rewritten and approved by national referendum in August 1996, and constitutional rule was reestablished in January 1997. Most people are subsistence farmers; the main export is groundnuts (peanuts).
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The Gambia, officially the Republic of The Gambia, commonly known as Gambia, is a country in Western Africa. It is the smallest country on the African continental mainland and is bordered to the north, east, and south by Senegal, and has a small coast on the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Flowing through the centre of the country and emptying into the Atlantic Ocean is the Gambia River. On 18 February 1965, The Gambia became independent from the British Empire. Banjul is its capital.
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The River Gambia has always attracted visitors to its magnificent estuary, and its meandering waterways, and is home to a rich variety of birds, fish and mammals. Making it an ideal place to explore and discover.
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The Gambia River is navigable for about 200 km (about 125 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean by small oceangoing vessels. There are 3,742 km (2,325 mi) of roads; the construction of a major road south of the river reduced the importance of the river as a major artery of transportation. The country has no railroads. An international airport at Yundum, near Banjul, was upgraded with a new terminal in 1996. It has been expanded and outfitted by the U.S. space agency NASA to serve as an emergency landing site for the space shuttle.
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The Gambia River, the country's major waterway, rises in the Futa Jallon in Guinea and follows a twisting path for 1,000 miles to the sea. In its last 300 miles, the river flows through the Gambia, narrowing to a width of 3 miles at Banjul. Mangrove swamps line both sides of the river for the first 100 miles from the sea; the mangroves then give way to more open country and, in places, the red ironstone cliffs. The land on either side of the river is generally open savanna with wooded areas along the drainage channels.
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The Gambia is situated on the Atlantic coast at the bulge of Africa. The country consists of a thin ribbon of land, at no point wider than 50km (30 miles), running east–west on both banks of the River Gambia. The Gambia is bounded to the west by the Atlantic Ocean and on all other sides by Senegal. It is ... the smallest and westernmost African nation. The country mainly consists of a low plateau, which decreases in height as it nears the Atlantic coast. The plain is broken in a few places by low flat-topped hills and by the river and its tributaries.
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River Gambia