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Gallbladder
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Gallbladder carcinomas are epithelial in origin and account for 98% of all gallbladder malignancies. The remainder are sarcomas, lymphomas, carcinoid, metastases, and other unusual malignancies. Adenocarcinomas account for 90% of gallbladder carcinomas and are characterized by glands lined by cuboidal or columnar cells, which may contain mucin. They may be well, moderately, or poorly differentiated, depending on the degree of gland formation (Fig 2). There are several histologic variants of adenocarcinoma recognized: papillary, intestinal, mucinous, signet-ring cell, and clear cell (36). Many tumors contain more than one histologic variant.
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Gallbladder cancer is an uncommon cancer in the United States. Only about 3,000 new cases of gallbladder cancer occur each year. In contrast to the USA, gallbladder cancer is common in some parts of the world such South America. For example, gall bladder cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting women in Chile. Gallbladder cancer is 7 to 10 times more common in women compared to men and its incidence increases with aging.
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Gallbladder cancer is often misdiagnosed because it mimics other more common conditions, such as gallstones, cholecystitis, and pancreatitis. But the imaging tests that are utilized to evaluate these other conditions can ... detect gallbladder cancer. For example, ultrasound is a quick, noninvasive imaging test that reliably diagnoses gallstones and cholecystitis. It can also detect the presence of gallbladder cancer as well as show how far the cancer has spread. If cancer is suspected, a computed tomography scan is useful in confirming the presence of an abnormal mass and further demonstrating the size and extent of the tumor. Cholangiography, usually performed to evaluate a patient with jaundice, can also detect gallbladder cancer.
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Gallbladder cancer treatment options at CTCA include conventional treatments, such as surgery. Surgical oncology is the oldest form of cancer treatment, and can ... play an important role in diagnosis and staging. Surgery can play many roles in your treatment, from preventative to palliative measures. CTCA's expert surgeons are skilled in the most sophisticated techniques, and, if your case calls for surgery, are crucial members of your treatment team.
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Gallbladder cancer may be treated with a cholecystectomy, surgery to remove the gallbladder and some of the tissues around it. Nearby lymph nodes may be removed. A laparoscope is sometimes used to guide gallbladder surgery. The laparoscope is attached to a video camera and inserted through an incision (port) in the abdomen. Surgical instruments are inserted through other ports to perform the surgery. Because there is a risk that gallbladder cancer cells may spread to these ports, tissue surrounding the port sites may ... be removed.
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Gallbladder cancer is usually not found at an early stage because the gallbladder is located deep inside the body. Therefore, gallbladder cancer can be difficult to detect during routine physical examinations. Sometimes, gallbladder cancers are found unexpectedly after removal of the gallbladder for other reasons, such as gallstones. When symptoms do occur, they include:
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Gallbladder