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Galileo: New Sciences
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Galileo is the first and only GDS to offer a full merchandising solution capable of supporting the full range of Air Canada's fare and Flight Pass products. The new desktop solution offers Galileo agencies full product descriptions, the ease of a graphical display and prompts the user when product options are available. All information is seamlessly integrated into the travel agent accounting and back-office systems.
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Galileo's originality as a scientist lay in his method of inquiry. First he reduced problems to a simple set of terms on the basis of everyday experience and common-sense logic. Then he analyzed and resolved them according to simple mathematical descriptions. The success with which he applied this technique to the analysis of motion opened the way for modern mathematical and experimental physics. Isaac Newton used one of Galileo's mathematical descriptions, "The Law of Inertia," as the foundation for his "First Law of Motion."
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In the following two years Galileo made two new sets of observations that would further undermine the prevailing Aristotelian/Ptolemaic cosmology. The first was the observation of the phases of Venus, and the second the observation of sunspots. Galileo published his views on the latter in his Three Letters to Mark Wesler, in response to the three letters written earlier by Christoph Scheiner to the same Wesler. Controversy over the priority of discovery of sunspots would later turn Scheiner and Galileo into bitter enemies.
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While Galileo observations of the Moon were brief, its instruments were still able to gather useful information. Galileo obtained information in new areas and with new instruments that helped clarify information gathered by other missions to the Moon. It provided clearer views of the lunar farside and the north and south polar regions. The multispectral information provided by Galileo’s instruments was of particular interest.
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From September 1610, Galileo observed that Venus exhibited a full set of phases similar to that of the Moon. The heliocentric model of the solar system developed by Copernicus predicted that all phases would be visible since the orbit of Venus around the Sun would cause its illuminated hemisphere to face the Earth when it was on the opposite side of the Sun and to face away from the Earth when it was on the Earth-side of the Sun. In contrast, the geocentric model of Ptolemy predicted that only crescent and new phases would be seen, since Venus was thought to remain between the Sun and Earth during its orbit around the Earth. Galileo's observations of the phases of Venus proved that it orbited the Sun and lent support to (but did not prove) the heliocentric model.
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In 1604 Galileo publicly declared that he was a Copernican. In three public lectures given in Venice, before an overflow audience, he argued that the new star which appeared earlier that year was major evidence in support of the doctrine of Copernicus. (Actually the new star merely proved that there was something seriously wrong with the Aristotelian doctrine of the heavens.) More important was a letter Galileo wrote that year to Father Paolo Sarpi, in which he stated that "the distances covered in natural motion are proportional to the squares of the number of time intervals, and therefore, the distances covered in equal times are as the odd numbers beginning from one." By natural motion, Galileo meant the unimpeded fall of a body, and what he proposed was the law of free fall, later written as s = 1/2 (gt2), where s is distance, t is time, and g is the acceleration due to gravity at sea level.
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