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Functional Programming
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One of the most common reasons cited for not learning more about functional programming is the lack of both good libraries and good development environments. This is a little bit surprising, because when it comes to learning a language, these two features are likely to have the least impact on the learning process. Despite that, […]
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Functional programming has a close relationship to computer science theory. Functional programming is based on the lambda-calculus which in turn provides a framework for studying decidability questions of programming. The essence of denotational semantics is the translation of conventional programs into equivalent functional programs.
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Functional programming changes that by declaring that the frame of reference for a variable and the frame of reference for its value will always be the same. The frame of reference for a value equals the scope of its variable, which means that every block is a well-defined frame of reference and substitutability is always guaranteed to work within a given block.
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History \cite{McCarthy60} For an easily accessable introduction to functional programming, the lambda-calculus, combinators and a graph machine implementation see Revesz (1988). For Backus' Turing Award paper on functional programming see \cite{Backus78}. The complete reference for the lambda-calculus is \cite{Bare84}. For all you ever wanted to know about combinatory logic see \cite{CF68,CHS72,HS86}. For an introduction to functional programming see Henderson (1980), BirdWad88, MLennan90. For an intoduction to LISP see \cite{McCarthy65} and for common LISP see \cite{Steele84}.
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Functional programming involves writing programs using pure functions. Unlike conventional programming (including much object-oriented programming), side-effects are completely eradicated. This allows a very clean, very high-level, very concise programming model, which is ...:
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[W]hat does this have to do with functional programming? Two words: dynamic scoping. Granted the following is Perl code, but it obeys the constraint that every value remains constant within the scope of its variable:
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Functional Programming