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Friedrich A. Hayek: Chicago Press
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Hayek was not a conservative, as he understood the term, because conservatives lacked political principles or programs. They merely stood against political and social change. As change inevitably occurred, their only recourse was to yield as grudgingly as possible to the direction of events being determined by others. They were unable to present an opposing argument. In the 1950s and 1960s, that meant that conservatives were yielding slowly to the inexorable movement toward the collectivization that he saw as the nemesis of individual liberty. His characterization of conservatism might have come from the pen of Lionel Trilling:
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As a free market economist of the Twentieth Century, Friedrich Hayek explained the Nazi movement as the antithesis of capitalism, the failure of Communism and the need to preserve individual freedoms in the face of expanding government intervention. This video reviews Hayek’s life and studies of capitalism, the division of knowledge, spontaneous order, individualism and liberty.
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Chapter 3, "Principles and Expediency" continues the discussion and addresses the preservation of freedom in modern society, which Hayek believes is destroyed by the contradictory "isms" that "disillusioned socialists" follow in order to protect their beliefs. Freedom is not expedient, Hayek warns. Rather, its continuation depends upon a "constant rejection of measures which appear to be required to secure particular results" and a dogmatic approach that does not make concessions. "Freedom will prevail only if it is accepted as a general principle whose application to particular instances requires no justification," and the homogeneous application of freedom to all requires principles that provide "clear guidance."
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[Nishiyama's dissertation was done under Hayek's supervision. From 1950–1962 Hayek was professor of social and moral science in the Committee of Social Thought headed by John U. Nef at the University of Chicago. 1960 ... saw the publication of Hayek's B-12.]
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