LYCOS RETRIEVER
Etruscans: Centuries
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A nineteenth century article on the origin of the Etruscans might interest those seeking a survey of historical opinions on the origins of the Etruscans: "Prof. G. Nicolucci's Anthropology of Etruria," by E. Villin. Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 1, No. 1. (Jul., 1870), pp. 79-89.
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The Etruscans provided a dynasty to Rome that presided over its Etruscanization. Legend says that the successful merchant Demaratus migrated to Tarquinii from Corinth as a political refugee just before the middle of the seventh century BC and married a noblewoman there.
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One type of pottery that seems to be very unique to Etruscans is bucchero. It became common in the between the seventh and fifth century B.C. and is black and shiny from polishing. The black color was made by firing in an atmosphere charged with carbon monoxide instead of oxygen. Many people believe that bucchero was made to look like silver pots but were for those that couldn't afford the price of silver. However, bucchero is believed to have been almost as expensive as silver.
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The lands of the Etruscans extended from Veio at the gates of Rome to the north. While two centuries of archeologists and historians have again brought to light Porsennas world, people of the town of Chiusi have never given up their search for their kings treasure.
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[I]n the first century BC, Dionysos of Hallikarnas said the Etruscans came from nowhere, being the natives of Italy, before the invasion of the Indo-Europeans that brought the Latin language into the peninsula. In this case, the theory of their relativeness with the Basque should stand, but the probability that Indigenous pre-Indo-European people could have survived the massive Indo-European invasion for so long and even dominate after is relatively low.
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Debate over origins began even as the Etruscans lived out the floruit of their civilization and was revived in the 17th century AD. Whether ancient or modern theorists proceed mainly by looking for pattern matches between cultures; that is, given sets of cultural elements, {a, b, ...} of cultures {A, B, ...}, theorists look for groups of common elements and then hypothesize a connection between the corresponding cultures. The elements might be from any cultural aspects at all from speech sounds to pot marks.
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