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Ethical Egoism: People
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Ethical egoism is the view that the pursuit of one’s own happiness is the highest moral value. Thus, people act morally when they pursue their own best interests. This view is the opposite of altruism which is the position that the highest aim of people should be to seek the welfare of others.
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In contrast to ethical egoism, utilitarianism holds that people ought to act so as to promote the greatest total balance of good over evil, or the greatest good for the greatest number. A rule utilitarian would obey those rules which experience has shown generally promote social welfare, even when doing so does not always lead to good consequences. An act utilitarian may hold that one ought to act so as to maximize total good even if doing so violates rules which usually promote social welfare.
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The normative form of egoism, ethical egoism, is a teleological theory of ethics which deals with how people ought to act. As such it competes with other normative theories for acceptance as a standard for moral conduct. According to this theory people should act according to their own perceived best interests.
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