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Escherichia Coli: Foods
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Escherichia coli O157:H7 has been isolated only rarely from animals with diarrhea,9,10 and it was not known whether the E coli was the cause of the diarrhea. Therefore, no animal illnesses have been conclusively attributed to E coli O157:H7. Other ehec serotypes... have been isolated from calves with bloody diarrhea.11 The lack of observable illness in food-producing animals that are shedding E coli O157:H7 in their feces, makes it more difficult to identify carrier animals so that they can be removed from the human food chain.
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Escherichia coli diarrheal disease is contracted orally by ingestion of food or water contaminated with a pathogenic strain shed by an infected person. ETEC diarrhea occurs in all age groups, but mortality is most common in infants, particularly in the most undernourished or malnourished infants in developing nations.
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The gastric stomach of humans is a barrier to food-borne pathogens, but Escherichia coli can survive at pH 2.0if it is grown under mildly acidic conditions. Cattle are a natural reservoir for pathogenic E.coli, and cattle fed mostly grain had lower colonic pH and more acid-resistant E.coli than cattle fed only hay. On the basis of numbers and survival after acid shock, cattle that were fed grain had 106-fold more acid-resistant E.coli than cattle fed hay, but a brief period of hay feeding decreased the acid-resistant count substantially.
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