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Erythromycin
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Erythromycin eye ointment is only for use in the eye. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Wash hands before and after use. Tilt your head back slightly and pull your lower eyelid down with your index finger to form a pouch. Try not to touch the tip of the tube, to your eye, fingertips, or any other surface. Squeeze the end of the tube to apply a thin layer of the ointment to the inside of the lower eyelid.
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Erythromycin is easily inactivated by gastric acids; therefore, all orally-administered formulations are given as either enteric-coated or more-stable salts or esters, such as erythromycin ethylsuccinate. Erythromycin is very rapidly absorbed, and diffused into most tissues and phagocytes. Due to the high concentration in phagocytes, erythromycin is actively transported to the site of infection, where, during active phagocytosis, large concentrations of erythromycin are released.
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Erythromycin is effective against a narrow range of bacteria in dogs and cats. It is effective against bacteria that infect the skin, respiratory tract and sinuses. Erythromycin is not effective against intestinal-origin coliform bacteria (E. coli, for example).
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Erythromycin ethylsuccinate tablets and powder for oral suspension should be stored in tight containers at room temperature. The commercially available oral suspension should be stored in the refrigerator to preserve palatability. After dispensing, the oral suspensions are stable for at least 14 days at room temperature, but individual products may have longer labeled stabilities.
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Erythromycin acts by inhibition of protein synthesis by binding 50 S ribosomal subunits of susceptible organisms. It does not affect nucleic acid synthesis. Antagonism has been demonstrated in vitro between erythromycin and clindamycin, lincomycin, and chloramphenicol.
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Erythromycin may alter temperature homeostasis in foals. Foals between the ages of 2 and 4 months old have been reported to develop hyperthermia with associated respiratory distress and tachypnea. Physically cooling off these animals is reported to be successful in controlling this effect.
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Erythromycin