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Eritrea: Red Sea
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Eritrea, at 121,000 square kilometers, is a torch-shaped wedge of the physical landscape whose size equals that of Britain. The country lies along the Red Sea coast in northern Africa and borders Sudan in the north and west, Djibouti in the southeast, and Ethiopia in the south. Its coastline is 750 miles long and is intersected with the seaports of Massawa and Assab. The northern half of the country is a highland plateau on which Asmara, the capital city, is located. The country has 10 provinces (Akele, Asmara, Barka, Denkel, Gash-Senhit, Guzai, Hamasien, Sahel, Semhar, and Seraye) (Hunter 1997). The lowlands lie to the west and east while the south is predominantly characterized by aridity (Gottesman, 2001).
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Eritrea (Ge'ez ኤáˆá‰µáˆ« ʾĒrtrÄ) is a country in northern East Africa. The name is derived from the Latin word for Red Sea, Mare Erythraeum, itself derived from a similar Greek word meaning "red" (εÏυθÏός, erythros). The country is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Eritrea was consolidated into a colony by the Italian government on January 1, 1890.[4] The modern nation-state of Eritrea gained its independence from Ethiopia following a thirty year war which lasted from 1961 to 1991.
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In 2007 Eritrea had an estimated population of 4,906,585, giving it a population density of 40 persons per sq km (105 per sq mi). An estimated 80 percent of Eritrea’s population lives in rural areas, subsisting through agriculture and livestock raising. The major cities of Eritrea include the capital and largest city Asmara, the seaports Massawa and Āseb, Keren, Nak’fa, Āk’ordat, and Teseney.
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Eritrea has borders with the countries of Sudan, Ethiopia, and Djibouti. It ... has a coast on the Red Sea. The land area of Eritrea is 121,320 km², and it is one of the smallest countries in Africa.
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If logic had anything to do with it, Ethiopia and Eritrea would never have begun Africa's deadliest ongoing war. Last week, two years and an estimated 100,000 lives later, the carnage refused to end. Crushed by a massive Ethiopian offensive, Eritrean troops had all but abandoned the disputed swath of parched rock on the border. Western diplomats begged and blustered in vain for a ceasefire. But Ethiopia's forces drove deeper into Eritrea, pushing north and west toward the Red Sea.
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The Sahel in northern Eritrea lies at the eastern fringes of the greater Sahara desert distinguished by its sharp contrast with the sandy deserts of the western lowlands as well as the eastern coast. The Sahel consists of a towering narrow chain of mountains ranging from 1000 to 2500 meters above sea level aligned between the deserts to the east and west and continuing all the way to the north to Sudan and Egypt (a feature of the Great Rift Valley). The slopes to the east and west are sparsely populated by herding nomads. The rainy season in the western slopes falls in the same time as in the highlands and western lowlands and in the eastern slopes it conforms to the Red Sea's schedule of erratic precipitation between December and March. However, rainfall in this region is generally erratic and of a much lesser quantity than everywhere else. The climate is desert-like with little humidity, dry hot days and cold nights with little seasonal variation in temperatures.
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