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Eratosthenes: Distances
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Eratosthenes assumed the distance between the two cities at 5,000 stadia (575 miles). Since this distance was 1/50 of the whole circle, the total circumference was determined to be 250,000 stadia (5,000 stadia X 50), or 28,750 miles.
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Big Bang by Simon Singh contains a biography of Eratosthenes. It includes Eratosthenes' methods for calculating the circumference of the earth, diameter of the Moon, distance to the Moon, distance to the Sun, and diameter of the Sun.
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