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English Reformation
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The English Reformation is the transition of the Church of England from the Latin Sarum Rite to a new reformed liturgy in English. The dissolution and destruction of the monasteries, abbeys, priories, etc. with their musical libraries and programs under Henry VIII. The Book of Common Prayer (1549) and the use of the vernacular under Edward VI , and the attempt to re-establishment a Roman liturgy under Queen Mary. A new catholic and reformed English church under Queen Elizabeth, and the rise of puritanism. The rise of secular vocal and instrumental music.
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The English Reformation began in 1534 when King Henry VIII (1509-1547) despaired of obtaining a male heir to succeed him on the throne from his existing wife, Catherine of Aragon. Therefore, he requested Pope Clement VII to annul his marriage to Catherine. Since Catherine objected and was, furthermore, the aunt of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, the Pope hesitated. Impatient with the delay, Henry acted by repudiating Papal authority and setting up the Anglican Church as the State Church of England with the King as "Protector and Only Supreme Head of the Church and Clergy of England". At the time, Henry did not intend to create a Protestant church along the lines evolving on the continent under the influence of the moderate German, Martin Luther, or more radical reformers such as the Frenchman, John Calvin. He only wanted to be the supreme head of an English Catholic Church.
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The English Reformation started in the reign of Henry VIII. The English Reformation was to have far reaching consequences in Tudor England. Henry VIII decided to rid himself of his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, after she had failed to produce a male heir to the throne. He had already decided who his next wife would be - Anne Boleyn. By 1527, Catherine was considered too old to have anymore children.
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The conventional story of the English Reformation has been told by Protestants. It begins by describing the Catholic church as moribund and lacking popular support. Protestants triumphed over a decadent church that was in collusion with power-hungry political rulers. The incident above, and others like it, suggests another story. Unfortunately, many historians have overlooked a significant fact: the Church of England's victory over the Pope was possible only because the king and Parliament seized absolute control of English religion. Henry grabbed the power of the church for himself, and his regime systematically destroyed the symbols, institutions, and customs that had sanctified English daily life for a thousand years.
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The English Reformation was opposed by Catholics throughout England and Ireland. It was ... opposed by the Protestant sect whose followers were known as Puritans. Henry, his Protestant son Edward VI, and Elizabeth all persecuted both groups, but were more enthusiastic in their persecution of the Catholics. Mary and Isabella, in turn, persecuted Protestants in their efforts to restore Catholicism.
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This is the bloody, heroic chronicle of the lives of 24 English saints who laid down their lives as a testimony of the truth of the Catholic Faith during the English Reformation. The reader will find strength in the heroic lives of those, now saints, who witnessed the destruction of the Catholic faith in their country. Foreword by Michael Davies.
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English Reformation