LYCOS RETRIEVER 
English Civil War: Parliament
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Beginning with the outbreak of the first Civil War in 1642 and ending with the Restoration of King Charles in 1660, this book studies the Cavalier and Parliamentarian armies who fought in these conflicts. Despite developing their own distinctive characters, the two forces differed only slightly in terms of organization and uniform. In 30 years of bloodshed, counties were divided and even families split, as men and women followed their individual consciences. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
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Revisionist historians... do not think the Civil War was an inevitable development of history; they believe it grew suddenly out of the events of November 1641. They point out that, by winter 1641, Charles had agreed to everything that most people wanted. In December 1640 he abolished ship money, and during 1641 agreed to call a Parliament every three years, not to collect taxes without Parliament's consent, and to abolish the Star Chamber. Meanwhile Laud was imprisoned (December 1640) and Strafford executed (12 May 1641). By November 1641 the problems of government seemed to have been solved. However, in October 1641 the Catholic Great Rebellion broke out in Ireland.
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In his new book, A Military History of the English Civil War, Professor Wanklyn delivers a thorough critique of the reasons that have been cited for Parliament's victory and the King's defeat in 1645/46. Drawing on a wide range of contemporary sources he challenges the presumption of Parliament’s victory.
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To the poor, the turmoil over religion around the Civil War meant little. They were bound by tradition and they supported the king, as they always had. Charles encouraged poor relief, unemployment measures, price controls, and protection for small farmers. For most people, life during the Civil War went on as before. Few were involved or even knew about the fighting. In 1644 a farmer at Marston Moor was told to clear out because the armies of Parliament and the king were preparing to fight.
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For many years, historians believed that the English Civil War grew out of a potent mixture of constitutional, religious, and social forces that had developed over centuries. Magna Carta (1215) had claimed that all men should be free, and Parliament's power had been increasing since Tudor times. At the same time, Puritan hostility to the bishops, and longâ€term social factors such as inflation and enclosure added to the stresses between the king and the people. As the country moved towards democracy and freedom, it seemed inevitable that king and Parliament would clash. This is the traditional view of the causes of the Civil War.
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Shown wearing the standard attire of the English civil war period. Both Royalists and Parliamentarians had drummers to communicate with troops by coded drum messages. The design of the drums used and the clothing worn were very similar for both factions. Drummers were usually mature men and would carry a sword, but it was not often branded as they did not normally participate in combat. This sculpture stands 60cms tall and is cast bronze as a edition of six, to be made available for purchase. Please contact John McKenna to discuss.
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