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Emma Goldman
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In October, 1893, Emma Goldman was tried in the criminal courts of New York on the charge of inciting to riot. The "intelligent" jury ignored the testimony of the twelve witnesses for the defense in favor of the evidence given by one single man-- Detective Jacobs. She was found guilty and sentenced to serve one year in the penitentiary at Blackwell's Island. Since the foundation of the Republic she was the first woman--Mrs. Surratt excepted--to be imprisoned for a political offense. Respectable society had long before stamped upon her the Scarlet Letter.
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Emma Goldman (June 27, 1869 – May 14, 1940) was a Lithuanian-born anarcho-communist known for her anarchist writings and speeches. Adopted by Second-wave feminists, she has been lionized as an iconic "rebel woman" feminist. Goldman played a pivotal role in the development of anarchism in the US and Europe throughout the first half of the twentieth century. She immigrated to the United States at seventeen and was later deported to Russia, where she witnessed the results of the Russian Revolution. She spent a number of years in the South of France where she wrote her autobiography, Living My Life, and other works, before taking part in the Spanish Civil War in 1936 as the English language representative in London of the CNT-FAI.
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From 1906 to 1917, Emma Goldman's almost boundless energy stood the test of continuous lecture tours across the country, to most major cities and many small towns. The proceeds of these lectures supported her monthly magazine, Mother Earth. The periodical not only served as her forum for political issues, but ... exposed its readers to an array of current short stories, philosophical and literary essays, and poetry. Indeed, on her speaking tours she often attracted large audiences to her lectures on cultural matters as well as to talks on political and social issues of the time. Laborers and intellectuals alike flocked to hear her ideas about the new drama in Russia and Europe and the complex political and social issues then being addressed on stage.
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Emma Goldman appears as a fictional character in E.L. Doctorow's Ragtime, where she plays an important part in allowing the characters of Evelyn Nesbit and her lover, Younger Brother, to examine their own lives in a new way. The book combines fiction with history. In the musical based on the book, Emma appears as a featured vocalist in two songs, "The Night That Goldman Spoke" and "He Wanted To Say."
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Emma Goldman was born on June 27, 1869, in Kovno, Lithuania. Emigrating to the United States in 1885, she soon joined the German-speaking anarchist movement around Johann Most in New York City. Goldman, who quickly earned fame as a charismatic speaker and organizer, was forced to go underground following the assassination of President William McKinley by a young anarchist in 1901. She returned to public life during the Progressive era to find growing interest in anarchist and feminist ideas on the part of young intellectuals and radicals. On her coast-to-coast lecture tours, she called for a revolutionary vision of women's emancipation, criticizing the movement for woman suffrage as too bourgeois and narrow in its goals. In their magazine Mother Earth (1906-1916), Goldman and Alexander Berkman, her lover and lifelong companion, offered an anarchist cultural critique, while introducing libertarian thought to progressives of many intellectual backgrounds.
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Emma Goldman was born in Kovno, Lithuania, in the Jewish Pale of Settlement in the Tsarist Empire. Her parents ran an inn, and in her first sixteen years spent first in Lithuania and then in Königsberg and Petersburg, she was exposed to the ferment of the time. Her family lost its business and she was forced into factory work at the age of thirteen. It was during this time–between going to work and emigrating at age sixteen with a sister to join another sister in Rochester, New York–that she first learned of radical and revolutionary ideas in Russia. In particular, she learned of the work of the Nihilists, a group of activists who carried out plots to assassinate police and politicians–even the Tsar.
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Emma Goldman