LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Emile Durkheim: Understanding
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Durkheim acquired his information on totemism from ethnographers and looked in turn at its beliefs and rites, focussing principally on the Arunta, a tribe of Central Australia. His interpretation of the ethnographic material was his own.
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Durkheim fut également accusé de déterminisme après la publication de ses théories. En effet, quelle liberté reste-t-il à l'homme dans une société aussi contraignante que celle qu'il décrit? Quelle place accorder au libre arbitre?
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Durkheim assumed certain values and assumed that altruism and collectivism were exclusively the only moral principles. Durkheim accepted diversity in moral interpretation and variation in implementing the nature of societal obligation provided that altruism was not challenged as a primordial moral principle. For his value position to make sense, society had to exist in a certain way. His proof that society was an organic entity was ultimately that it was the only possibility that would validate his normative position.
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