LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Electrical Conductivity: Si
built 658 days ago
Electrical conductivity of blends and composites of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with nonconducting polyaniline (PANI) increases when they are subjected to -rays or UV radiation. This is attributed to a radiation-induced dehydrochlorination (loss of HCl) of PVC, which in turn oxidizes (dopes) PANI within the PVC matrix causing the increase in electrical conductivity of these films. XPS, UV-vis-NIR and FTIR spectroscopic methods are used to characterize and verify this novel process. After the films are subjected to -rays (or UV radiation) the intensities in the XPS spectra of both -N+- and Cl- peaks increase, confirming the increase in charged species within the PVC matrix. Similar observations attributable to radiation-induced electrical conductivity are ... observed in both the UV-vis-NIR and FTIR spectra. This radiation-induced conductivity can also be reversed to some extent by further exposing the films to NH3 vapors, where the oxidized centers are partially reduced (undoped).
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Electrical conductivity results obtained at the quarter level are given in Table 1. Compared with healthy quarters, X20 increased significantly (P < 0.01) for both observed subclinically and clinically infected quarters. The difference in X20 between subclinically and clinically infected quarters was ... significant. The 2EC increased for subclinically and clinically infected quarters as well, and the difference was greater for clinically infected quarters compared with healthy quarters vs. the difference between healthy quarters and subclinically infected quarters. At cow level, all EC traits were higher for the infected cows compared with healthy cows (Table 2). All differences in EC values between healthy, subclinically infected, and clinically infected cows were significant (P < 0.01).
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Electrical conductivity is the quantity of electricity per unit area transferred through a body at a given voltage gradient. The unit of electrical conductivity involves the reciprocal of resistance (1/ohm or mho) and a distance, and is mho cm-1. (Siemens/cm is a preferred international unit). A clean, dry base oil has a very low conductivity of 10-14 mho/cm. A used, wet, dirty, detergent oil could have a conductivity of 10-8 mho cm-1 and act as an electrolyte.
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DNA electrical conductivity, via long-range electron transport through the double helix, has been the subject of much research over the past 5–10 years. One of the significant observations is the large effect that disruptions in the base-stacking have on the efficiency of electric current flow. Even single base mismatches have been shown to cut off the flow considerably.
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Electrical conductivity is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity (ohms). Its SI derived unit is the siemens (named after Werner von Siemens) per meter (A2s3m-3kg-1). It is the ratio of the current density to the electric field strength. This applies ... to the electrolytic conductivity of a fluid.
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Sophisticated communication features in the EC350 make remote site logging of electrical conductivity easier than ever. In combination with an external data modem and mobile phone, the EC350 enables remote uploading of logged data and re-programming of logging schedules.
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