LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Electrical Conductivity: Current
built 658 days ago
Electrical conductivity is the ability of a material to carry the flow of an electric current (a flow of electrons). Imagine that you attach the two ends of a battery to a bar of iron and a galvanometer. (A galvanometer is an instrument for measuring the flow of electric current.) When this connection is made, the galvanometer shows that electric current is flowing through the iron bar. The iron bar can be said to be a conductor of electric current.
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Electrical resistivity is the reciprocal of conductivity. It is the is the opposition of a body or substance to the flow of electrical current through it, resulting in a change of electrical energy into heat, light, or other forms of energy. The amount of resistance depends on the type of material. Materials with low resistivity are good conductors of electricity and materials with high resistivity are good insulators.
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An electrical conductivity meter uses two electrodes, one of which detects an electrical current sent by the other. The meter should ... measure temperature and automatically compensate for temperature in the conductivity reading, but non-compensating meters do exist.
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When an alloy with high electrical conductivity is selected, the commensurate high thermal conductivity drastically reduces the temperature rise in a current carrying part. Assuming I2R heating, no heat loss due to convection or radiation (conduction only), the following equation estimates the maximum heat rise, T in °C for a part of cross sectional area A and length L,
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