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Einstein: Theories
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There are anticipations of the principle theories-constructive theories distinction in the nineteenth-century electrodynamics literature, James Clerk Maxwell, in particular, being a source from which Einstein might well have drawn (see Harman 1998). At the turn of the century, the "physics of principles" was a subject under wide discussion (see, for example, Poincaré 1904; for further discussion, see Giedymin 1982). But ... extensive his borrowings (no explicit debt was ever acknowledged), in Einstein's hands the distinction becomes a methodological tool of impressive scope and fertility. What is puzzling, and even a bit sad, is that this most original methodological insight of Einstein's had comparatively little impact on later philosophy of science or practice in physics.
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Einstein... was not truly a relativist, even though that is how he was interpreted by many, including some whose disdain was tinged by anti-Semitism. Beneath all of his theories, including relativity, was a quest for invariants, certainties, and absolutes. There was a harmonious reality underlying the laws of the universe, Einstein felt, and the goal of science was to discover it.
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Einstein is famous for his theories about light, matter, gravity, space, and time, which helps scientists to understand these things much better than they had before. His theories are called the theory of special relativity and the theory of general relativity. His most famous equation is
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Although considered a slow learner, possibly due to dyslexia, simply shyness or the significantly rare and unusual structure his brain (examined after his death), Einstein built models and mechanical devices for fun. Another, more recent, theory about his mental development is that he had Asperger's syndrome, a condition related to autism.
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Einstein, whose prime concern was to understand the nature of electromagnetic radiation, subsequently urged the development of a theory that would be a fusion of the wave and particle models for light. Again, very few physicists understood or were sympathetic to these ideas.
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Einstein thought “that asymmetries in physics concealed essential beauties of nature; existing theories lacked the ‘architecture; and ‘inner unity’ he found in the music of … Mozart. In his struggles with extremely complicated mathematics that led to the general theory of relativity of 1915, Einstein often turned for inspiration to the simple beauty of Mozart’s music … In the end, Einstein felt that in his own field he had, like Mozart, succeeded in unraveling the complexity of the universe.” Of his theory of relativity, Einstein once said: “Hardly anyone who has truly understood it will be able to escape the charm of this theory.” Scientists tend to agree as they “often describe general relativity as the most beautiful theory ever formulated.”
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