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East Timor: Countrys
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East Timor, a country of just over a million people, is one of the world's poorest nations, ranking below Congo and Sudan in its indicators of human development*. It is the poorest country in Asia. Life expectancy is 56 years, the adult literacy rate is only 58 per cent and one child in ten can expect to die before they reach five years of age. The average East Timorese woman gives birth to nearly 8 children and 42 per cent of the population is under 15 years of age. Population growth is a massive 5.36 per cent per year**. Annual GDP per capita is only USD$367.
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The Democratic Republic of East Timor or Timor Leste is a country in Southeast Asia. It is on the eastern side of the island of Timor, and ... the smaller islands of Atauro and Jaco, and a small area, named Oecussi-Ambeno, inside the west side of Timor. That area is an exclave, which means it is separated from the main part of the country by part of another country. That other country is Indonesia.
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As the poorest nation in Asia, East Timor must overcome formidable challenges. Basic income, health, and literacy indicators are among the lowest in Asia. Severe shortages of trained and competent personnel to staff newly established executive, legislative, and judicial institutions hinder progress. Rural areas, lacking in infrastructure and resources, remain brutally poor, and the relatively few urban areas cannot provide adequate jobs for the country’s growing labor force. Many cities, including the country’s second largest, Baucau, do not have routine electrical service. Rural families' access to electricity and clean water is very limited.
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In East Timor, rumors of fresh clashes between former soldiers and police, (following last weeks fighting that killed five), led up to three-quarters of the population of the capital, Dili, have fled. There have been no reports of new violence, but rumors have spread by phone text messages. Expatriates, most from Indonesia, are among those leaving. Indonesia has been assured that Dili is safe, and warned not to intervene. President Gusmao reminded the international community of the country's ongoing need for aid.
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When the smoke cleared, thousands of East Timorese had been killed, and the country had been devastated. 70% of the buildings in Dili had been burned to the ground. Once the TNI had destroyed everything it could reach, it allowed in a multinational peacekeeping force, and Indonesian soldiers finally left East Timor.
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East Timor is an extremely poor country, with two-thirds to three-fourths of the population of 775,000 persons engaged in subsistence agriculture. Per capita gross domestic product was estimated to be approximately $460. An estimated 70to 80 percent of the country's infrastructure was damaged severely by the systematic scorched-earth campaign that Indonesian military and militia forces conducted in September 1999, as they withdrew. During the year, reconstruction proceeded slowly. The majority of the population has basic shelter and sufficient food supplies. Low-level commercial activity resumed; much of it served the large foreign presence.
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