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Dravidian Languages: Vedic Sanskrit
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The Dravidian language family was first described in 1816 by Francis Ellis, a British civil servant who recognized the relationship between the four literary languages as well as Tulu, Kodagu and Malto. In 1856 Robert Caldwell added several more languages, Kota, Toda, Gondi, Kui, Kurukh and Brahui. He then took the Sanskrit word
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The Indo-European languages and the Dravidian do have important differences. Their ways of developing words and grammer are different. However, it is a misnomer to call all Indo-European languages Aryan. The Sanskrit term Aryan would not apply to European languages, which are materialistic in orientation, bacause Aryan in Sanskrit means spiritual. When the term Aryan is used as indicating certain languages, the term is being used in a Western or European sense that we should remember is quite apart from its traditional Sanskrit meaning, and implies a racial bias that the Sanskrit term does not have.
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Dravidian languages were first recognized as an independent family in 1816 by Francis W. Ellis, a British civil servant. The term Dravidian was first employed by Robert A. Caldwell, who introduced the Sanskrit word
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[M]ore recent research has shown that Sanskrit has been influenced in certain more fundamental ways than Dravidian languages have been by it: It is by way of phonology[24] and even more significantly here via grammatical constructs. This has been the case from the earliest language available (ca. 1200 B.C.) of Sanskrit: the Ṛg Vedic speech.
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Instead, the anti-Brahmin Dravidianist movement was only opposed to the fantastic concocted genealogies connecting Dravidian Brahmins to Northern ancestors, and sought to re-integrate the Brahmin community with the Dravidian nation. The "Aryan Brahmin Theory" was an ill-founded hypothesis linking the Dravidian Brahmins with foreign "Aryan" or Indo-European ancestors and was largely encouraged during the Victorian Age as part of the British policy of "Divide-and-Rule". It resulted in the artificial division of the Dravidian people into Brahmins sand Non-Brahmins, with disastrous consequences for Dravidian society. A section of Brahmins were taught to hate the Dravidian culture and to identify with Sanskrit culture instead. It is this artificial divide which the Dravidianists attempted to heal.
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Dravidian languages are noted for the lack of distinction between aspirated and unaspirated stops. While some Dravidian languages (especially Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu) have accepted large numbers of loan words from Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages in addition to their already vast vocabulary, in which the orthography shows distinctions in voice and aspiration, the words are pronounced in Dravidian according to different rules of phonology and phonotactics: voicing is allophonic and aspiration of plosives is generally absent, regardless of the spelling of the word. This is not a universal phenomenon and is generally avoided in formal or careful speech, especially when reciting.
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Vedic Sanskrit