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Dizziness: People
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Dizziness is a sensation of spatial disorientation that often leads to feeling faint, unsteady or lightheaded. Many people describe dizziness as feeling “like the room is spinning,” Some people may become dizzy from simple actions, such as going on an amusement park ride or not having enough to eat. However, frequent or lengthy episodes of dizziness may signal a more serious underlying cause, such as heart disease.
Dizziness describes a variety of unpleasant sensations that often interfere with balance and walking. It is a common complaint of people over age 65, affecting 13%—38% of older Americans. Dizziness can have many different causes that can be difficult to diagnose.
Disorders that can contribute to dizziness (such as heart disorders and stroke) are more common among older people. So is pain from arthritis that affects the lower back, hips, and knees and limits walking. Older people may feel or fear being abandoned just when they are ... losing their independence. Depression may cause apathy and a feeling of disassociation from the world. Also, people who are depressed often lose interest in many activities. Inactivity from any cause can accelerate osteoporosis and muscle weakness from disuse.
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People with cervicogenic dizziness tend to complain of dizziness (a sensation of movement of the self or the environment) that is worse during head movements or after maintaining one head position for a long time. The dizziness usually occurs after the neck pain and may be accompanied by a headache.The symptoms of dizziness usually last minutes to hours. People with cervicogenic dizziness may ... complain of general imbalance that may increase with head movements and with movement in the environment.
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a very common cause of dizziness, particularly in people older than age 65. Its incidence is estimated at 6,000 per million in those whose illness persists longer than 30 days, although this is likely a gross underestimate. It is easily identifiable with bedside evaluation (Dix-Hallpike testing). All three canals (anterior [superior], posterior, and lateral [horizontal]) may be the source of BPPV, although the posterior semicircular canal is by far the most common.
For some people, dizziness goes away or lessens without treatment. For others, dizziness goes away or lessens only after the cause is corrected. For still others, dizziness, even when treated, lasts for months or years. However, most of these people can cope and continue everyday activities, especially when treatment controls the dizziness to some degree.
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