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Diabetes Insipidus
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In Diabetes Insipidus, there is a chemical missing from the blood that helps the body to keep liquid inside. This chemical is known as ADH, and is part of a group of blood chemicals known as Hormones. ADH is released from a part of the body called the Brain, and travels in the blood to the parts of the body that make urine, known as the Kidneys. Here, it makes the body take water out of the urine, which reduces the amount of urine stored in the bladder.
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Diabetes Insipidus treatment will usually be lifelong and in many cases may require hospital clinic attendance. The treatment is with ADH or ADH-like substances, which are self-administered by the person, in the form of a nasal spray and this returns the urine flow to normal.
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Diabetes insipidus can ... cause an imbalance of minerals in the body, termed electrolyte imbalance medically. Minerals like sodium, potassium and calcium present in the blood play significant role in maintaining electrolyte balance of the body - the balance of fluids in the body. Electrolyte imbalance results into a host of ailments including headache, fatigue, irritability and muscle pains.
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Familial diabetes insipidus is rare. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant disorder, and mutations involving AVP-neurophysin gene have been identified. Mutations reported to date involve signal peptide region or, more commonly, neurophysin II. The mechanism by which the mutations impair AVP release is not understood but may involve the accumulation of the ADH precursor leading to the death of the ADH-producing cells.
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Diabetes insipidus (DI) is an uncommon but important complication in the neurosurgical population. This retrospective study aimed to determine the incidence, profile and outcome of patients admitted to an 18-bedded neurosurgical intensive care unit who developed DI.
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In the setting of neurosurgery or head trauma, the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus may be obvious and even expected. The intensivists and the nurses who manage the patient acutely are in the best position to treat acutely. In the more subtle forms, and certainly in all chronic forms in which therapy is anticipated to be indefinite, the clinical endocrinologist is invaluable to establish the diagnosis and to design therapy.
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Diabetes Insipidus