LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Dermatitis: People
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Immune System Imbalance: Researchers ... think that an imbalance in the immune system may contribute to the development of atopic dermatitis. It appears that the part of the immune system responsible for stimulating IgE is overactive, and the part that handles skin viral and fungal infections is underactive. Indeed, the skin of people with atopic dermatitis shows increased susceptibility to skin infections. This imbalance appears to result in the skin's inability to prevent inflammation, even in areas of skin that appear normal. In one project, scientists are studying the role of the infectious bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in atopic dermatitis.
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Seborrhoeic dermatitis is related to a yeast called Pityrosporum ovale (... known as Malassezia furfur). People with this form of dermatitis seem to have a reduced resistance to this yeast. For some unknown reason, people with certain neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease and stroke are particularly prone to this form of dermatitis. Seborrhoeic dermatitis appears at after puberty. It varies in severity and can persist for years.
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Nummular dermatitis gets its name from the Latin word nummulus, which means coin-like or coin-shaped. It is a very common skin rash in which patients report the onset of round, coin shaped, itchy lesions on a background of dry skin. They are frequently located on the lower leg, but may ... be found on the arms and the trunk, especially the back. It most commonly affects men and women in the 50s and 60s, but also may affect younger people, even children in especially dry climates and in the winter.
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Many substances have been identified as itch "triggers" in patients with dermatitis, and triggers are not the same for every person. Many times it is difficult to identify the exact trigger that causes a flare-up. For some, it seems that rough or coarse materials coming into contact with the skin causes itchiness. For others, feeling too hot and/or sweating will cause an outbreak. Other people find that certain soaps, detergents, disinfectants, contact with juices from fresh fruits and meats, dust mites, and animal saliva and danders may trigger itching. Upper respiratory infections (caused by viruses) may ... be triggers.
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Bathing without proper moisturizing afterward is a common factor that triggers a flare of atopic dermatitis. The low humidity of winter or the dry year-round climate of some geographic areas can make the disease worse, as can overheated indoor areas and long or hot baths and showers. Alternately sweating and chilling can trigger a flare in some people. Bacterial infections can ... trigger or increase the severity of atopic dermatitis. If a patient experiences a sudden flare of illness, the doctor may check for infection.
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People with severe exfoliative dermatitis often need to be hospitalized and given antibiotics (for infection), intravenous fluids (to replace the fluids lost through the skin), and nutritional supplements. Care may include the use of drugs and heated blankets to control body temperature. Cool baths followed by applications of petroleum jelly and gauze may help protect the skin. Corticosteroids (such as
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