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Dead Sea Scrolls: Hebrew Bible
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The Dead Sea Scrolls consist of fragments from many manuscripts... some of the most interesting among them are the Pesher texts. The Pesher texts are strings of interpretations of Biblical verses compiled by the most knowledgeable among the Jews. The word itself is derived from the Hebrew root word p-sh-r, which means, "to explain". The texts consist of Biblical passages followed by the words pesher ha-davar "the interpretation of the matter is", and then the interpretation itself.
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The world's foremost scholar in early Judaism and the Dead Sea Scrolls gives a public lecture on September 28 on the Lycoming College campus. Dr. Lawrence H. Schiffman, the Edelman Professor in Hebrew and Judaic Studies at New York University, will speak at 7:00 p.m. in the Barclay Lecture Hall of Heim Biology and Chemistry Building.
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This is an incredibly useful text for those who are interested in what information the Dead Sea Scrolls have to bear on the actual text of the Bible. Here for the first time is a collection of the biblical scrolls laid out in the traditional Biblical order, which enables the average reader as well as the scholar and cleric to follow the texts with ease.
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Material discovered among the Dead Sea Scrolls has been published by the American School of Oriental Research, the Hebrew University, and the Jordanian Service of Antiquities. Most of the scrolls are now in the Shrine of the Book and in the Rockefeller Museum in Jerusalem, and the Museum of the Department of Antiquities in Amman. A number of translations of the manuscripts and commentaries on them have been written since their discovery.T.H.G., THEODOR H. GASTER, M.A., Ph.D., D.D.
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The Bible's description, in Genesis 19, of a destructive earthquake near the Dead Sea area during the time of Abraham is borne out by archaeological and historic investigation. While no evidence remains of the five cities of the plain (Zeboim, Admah, Bela or Zoar, Sodom, and Gomorrah) their sites are believed to be beneath the waters at the southern end of the sea.
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Readers approach the Dead Sea scrolls from a variety of perspectives and with differing interests. The texts "say" different things to different people. For students of Hebrew literature, the biblical texts and commentaries preserved in the DSS collection offer the opportunity for textual research using early and previously unknown source documents. Experts in paleography find in the Scrolls material for analysis of developing and changing Hebrew writing styles. Specialists in the history of Judaism find documents in the collection that shed new light on the diverse and heterodox trends present in Judaism during the intertestamental period. Students of Christian origins see in the texts evidences of the apocalyptic, messianic foment from which Christianity arose. While the DSS certainly do offer insights into the Jewish cultural milieu that gave formation to Christianity, there is probably nothing in the Scrolls collection directly reflecting events or personages known to early Christian history.
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