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Dead Sea Scrolls: Documents
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The Dead Sea Scrolls are considered by many to be the single most important archaeological find of the twentieth century. They comprise more than 800 documents, some complete or nearly complete (such as the Isaiah Scroll), but many quite fragmentary. There are about 100,000 fragments in all. Most of the scrolls are made of dried animal skins (parchment), and some of the larger ones stretch as long as 30 feet.
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An eighth scroll, the longest and most complete of the Dead Sea Scrolls, was acquired by the Israeli government during the Six-Day War in 1967. Called the Temple Scroll, it was probably found in the late 1950s. Yadin, who published a translation of the 27-foot (8-meter) scroll in 1977, dated it between the 2nd century bc and AD 70. The document establishes clear links between early Christian doctrines and the religious teachings of the Essenes.
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After some delays these photographs were published by Robert Eisenman and James Robinson (A Facsimile Edition of the Dead Sea Scrolls, two volumes, Washington, D.C., 1991). As a result, the "secrecy rule" was lifted, and publication of the Cave 4 documents soon commenced, with five volumes in print by 1995.
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The Damascus Document and the Community Rule James R. Davila explains that the Damascus Document is unique in that it is the only Qumran sectarian work that was known before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls. It had been found many years before in the famous "Cairo Geniza
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