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Dandruff
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Dandruff particles are visible flakes of skin that have been continuously shed from the scalp. It is normal to shed some dead skin flakes as the skin is constantly renewing itself. The new cells form in the lower layers. They are gradually pushed to the surface as more new cells form beneath them. By the time they reach the surface, the cells have become flat and overlap each other like roof tiles. By then, these cells are dead and are shed from the surface all the time.
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Dandruff ( Seborrhea) is not just skin dryness. Actually, the word "seborrhea" means "too much oil." Seborrhea is ... known as seborrheic dermatitis or common dandruff. Dandruff is the most common condition affecting the scalp. The skin cells on the scalp are constantly renewing and the old cells get pushed to the surface by the new ones. If you have dandruff, the process of skin renewal (or skin turnover) speeds up to twice the normal rate, so a greater number of dead cells are shed.
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Dandruff originated in Nova Scotia in 1903. The Nova Scotians were awed by the fact that flakes of snow were falling from their heads. Out of thought that dandruff was a friendly past-time, they passed it on to their neighbors. After they passed it on to thier neighbors via the transmitting media stated above, they soon found out that the disease caused extreme itchiness. Many unexpecting people died of serious scratch wounds to multiple outer-organs. Thus, the disease spread.
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Dandruff differs from a dry scalp in that it is improved when one shampoos more often. People who actually have a dry scalp are ... dry all over their skin. Some people say their dandruff gets worse when they are stress, anxiety and tension. The best way to control dandruff is to use a shampoo that contains a medication, such as selenium sulfide (Selsun Blue), zinc pyrithione (Head & Shoulders, ZNP), or Nizoral AD. For more severe cases try tar (Ionil T, T/gel, Pentrax) or sulfur (Meted or Sebulex). For best results, buy 2 or 3 and alternate them.
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Dandruff is caused by an overgrowth of skin cells that make up the scalp. It is not known what accelerates this cell growth. However, scientists have suggested that dandruff may be a hypersensitive reaction to the proliferation of Pityrosporum ovale, a yeast that occurs naturally on the scalp. Another theory that held for some time linked dandruff to a fungus. A 2002 report said that scientists had identified new fungi of the Malassezia that seem to exist in overabundance on the scalps of those affected with the disease.
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Dandruff is ... believed to be caused by an overgrowth of a fungus commonly found on the skin and scalp, called Pityrosporum ovale. The condition may be worse in the winter because UVA light from the sun works against the fungus. Too much sebum, which is the natural oil that's secreted from glands in the skin, also fuels the growth of this fungus. This may be why dandruff often starts in puberty because of all the hormone changes, or if you happen to have an oily scalp.
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Dandruff