LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Cystitis: Urine
built 636 days ago
Chemical cystitis from chemotherapy agents, such as cyclophosphamide, may resolve with hydration or with discontinuation of the drug. Another alternative is mesna, a semisynthetic sulfhydryl compound that reacts chemically with drug metabolites, detoxifying them in a manner similar to the physiologic cysteine-cystine system. Recently, Ballen and colleagues have suggested that extremely aggressive hydration with IV fluids and diuretics to maintain a urine output greater than 150 mL/h may be as effective a therapy as mesna, as well as being much less expensive.
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Radiotherapy to the pelvis for cancer can damage the bladder in some, leading to late radiation cystitis. This can cause urinary problems including pain, blood in the urine and reduced bladder capacity.
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Chemical cystitis, due to chemotherapy with alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide, is thought to be due to metabolites excreted in the urine. The effects appear to be related to the dose and duration of therapy.
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Although signs and symptoms of interstitial cystitis resemble those of a chronic urinary tract infection, urine cultures are usually free of bacteria. A worsening of symptoms may occur if a person with interstitial cystitis gets a common bacterial urinary tract infection....
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Interstitial cystitis is ... known as painful bladder syndrome. It typically causes symptoms of bladder and pelvic pain, an increased urge to pass urine and excessive urination during both day and night.
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Cystitis in a child always needs to be investigated because it may indicate a more serious condition such as vesico-ureteric reflux. This is a bladder valve abnormality, which allows urine to flow back towards the kidneys.
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