LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Cystitis: Patients
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Cystitis can be divided into acute and chronic forms. Acute cystitis is more common than chronic cystitis and occurs with gradual or sudden onset of the symptoms described above. In male patients, acute cystitis can generally be the presentation of someone with an underlying disorder and therefore should be thoroughly investigated. In female patients, a single episode of acute cystitis can usually be treated safely with antibiotics. However, recurrent episodes should be investigated.
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INTRODUCTION — Cystitis is common in patients with cancer. The most serious form, hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), occurs in 10 to 40 percent of patients receiving high dose chemotherapy [1]; autologous bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients are particularly at risk with an incidence of approximately 30 percent [2,3]. Severe HC is less frequent even in BMT recipients, accounting for 10 percent or less in several series; ... fatalities can result.
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At the onset of acute Cystitis, it is essential to withhold all solid foods immediately. If there is fever, the patient should take only liquid food like fruit juices, soups, barley water, boiled vegetables etc. After the fever is over then patient should take non-spicy food for few days. Then gradually embark upon the all types of food.
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The frequency of viral and herpetic cystitis is unclear because culture results can be falsely negative. A large number of people have been suggested to have asymptomatic infections initially with both herpes simplex viruses (HSV), HSV-1 and HSV-2, so the incidence of herpetic cystitis may be higher than culture-positive results indicate. Hemorrhagic cystitis due to adenoviral infections is common in hosts who are immunocompromised, especially bone marrow transplant recipients or those with AIDS. Hemorrhagic cystitis from adenoviruses or BK polyoma virus has been reported in pediatric bone marrow transplant patients in 20% and 8%, respectively, of cases.
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During the first three or four days of acute cystitis, when the patient is on a liquid diet, it is advisable to rest and keep warm. Pain can be relieved by immersing the pelvis in hot water. Alternatively, heat can applied to the abdomen, by using a towel wrung out in hot water and covering it with a dry towel to retain warmth. The treatment may be continued for three or four days by which time the inflammation should have subsided and the temperature returned to normal.
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Symptoms of interstitial cystitis usually begin in persons aged 20-50 years (median age of onset 40 years), although interstitial cystitis occasionally is diagnosed in children. The mean age of patients is reported as 50-60 years. The exact number of people with this diagnosis in the United States is unclear because many cases are either undiagnosed or misdiagnosed, but one estimate reports the number of people with interstitial cystitis in the United States as 450,000.
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