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Cowpox: Smallpox
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Cowpox is a rare viral disease caused by vaccinia virus. The virus can be transmitted from the udders and teats of infected cows. Diary farmers guard against this virus by cleaning the cow's udders before milking, and the pasteurization of milk before it is sold to the public. It can ... result from vaccination against smallpox or from direct contact with a skin lesion from a recently vaccinated person.
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Cowpox was a mild disease evidenced by discomfort, aching, pustules, some swelling; symptoms that only lasted a few days. In contrast, smallpox was a very serious disease that resulted in massive disfigurement, sometimes blindness, and often death.
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Cowpox and smallpox are intimately related. Pus taken from a human smallpox sore and innoculated into a cow gives the beast cowpox. The cow's system reduces the virility of the smallpox germs. Pus from a cowpox sore in turn, through vaccination, makes humans resistant to smallpox; it makes them immune. The three New York victims, by milking their infected cows, vaccinated themselves unwittingly. Previously they had not been vaccinated in the ordinary way.
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Cowpox and smallpox spread by direct contact or via an infected host's saliva droplets that are inhaled by others. The cowpox and smallpox viruses cause skin lesions and life-threatening damage in the digestive tract and lungs. Huggins' team exposed several groups of mice to an aerosol of cowpox virus and simultaneously gave some the HDP-CDV treatment or cidofovir. Others were untreated.
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Cowpox produces immunity to smallpox and, beginning in the 19th century, the virus for cowpox was used to develop the vaccines used against smallpox. Because of the widespread vaccination, smallpox was wiped out worldwide but has now come under study again because of concern that it might be used as an agent of biological terrorism.
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Cowpox (... known as Catpox) is a disease of the skin that is caused by a virus (Cowpox virus) that is related to the Vaccinia virus. The ailment manifests itself in the form of red blisters and is transmitted by touch from infected animals to humans. The virus that causes cowpox was used to perform the first successful vaccination against another disease, smallpox, which is caused by the related Variola virus. Therefore the word "vaccination" has the Latin root [V]acca meaning cow.
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Smallpox