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Conscription: Wars
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Conscription on a modern national scale began in 1793 during the later years of the French Revolution. All males between the ages of 18 and 25 were required to register for military service. At the end of the Napoleonic wars in 1815, conscription ended, but it was reinstituted a few years later.
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Conscription means forcing people to join the army.Australian society was divided over conscription. Some people wanted to have it and others opposed it. Most countries fighting in the World War 1 had conscription.
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"Conscription" has ... sometimes been used as a general term for non-military involuntary labour demanded by some established authority; for example, some translators of Old Testament commentaries use the term to describe the levies of labour used to build the Temple. In Japan during World War II, Japanese women and children were conscripted to work in factories.
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Almost immediately some in Canada demanded conscription. Premier Mitch Hepburn of Ontario passed a resolution in the Ontario Legislature on 18 January 1940, condemning the King Government for not being 'vigorous' in prosecuting Canada's war effort. It was Arthur Meighen, the former minister of justice during the First World War, that lead the movement for conscription. When his own minister of defence, Colonel J.L. Ralston... demanded conscription, King, the able politician, decided to have a national plebescite asking the people of Canada to release the government from its promise not to invoke conscription for overseas service. The issue of conscription was fiercely debated leading to the plebescite on 27 April.
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[D]id Australia, but already the influences for conscription were growing. The White Australia policy, the strongest expression of nationalism, has a racial basis of Anglo-Saxon superiority as well as its economic basis of prohibiting cheap labor. Boys from the bush and suburbs joined the militia in each scare as a foreign warship appeared in the Pacific. A contingent was sent, unasked, to the Soudan Campaign fiasco in 1885. Volunteers abounded for the Boer War at the end of the century. Only a tiny minority opposed this blatant grab of the Boer Republics; most gloried in Australian participation.
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Borden eventually raised Canada's commitment to 500,000 soldiers and proposed a coalition government with Laurier to implement conscription. Laurier refused, but many Liberals agreed with Borden, enabling him to form a Union government. It won the 1917 election with 15O seats in English Canada but only three in Québec. Among the voters were the recently enfranchised female relatives of overseas soldiers. The conflict between French and English over Canada's participation in the war was in the open. Riots broke out at a conscription office in Québec City in 1918 in which five English-speaking soldiers and four civilians were killed.
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