LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Consciousness: States
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Hi everyone Andrew Brook ...Agreed...consciousness usually involves activity in varying regions (though it may ... be localized, as in Zeki's V4 study). But why assume consciousness is a state? Consciousness is, by all accounts, a process...specifically sequences of discrete events...probably at gamma synchrony (~40 Hz)... more »
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This conclusion anticipates the idea that inner-perceptions of one’s experiences - taken to be more ‘primitive’ than reflective beliefs about one’s experiences - are necessary for phenomenal consciousness (see ยง6). But where the nonzombie has inner-perceptual states, by hypothesis the zombie has them .... Perhaps what the zombie has are misperceptions, but this need not lessen his justification in accepting them at face value, and in believing he has experiences.
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Spiritual approaches to consciousness involve the idea of altered states of consciousness or religious experience. Changes in the state of consciousness or a religious experience can occur spontaneously or as a result of religious observance. It is ... maintained by some religions and religious factions that the universe itself is consciousness.
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The noun “consciousness” has an equally diverse range of meanings that largely parallel those of the adjective “conscious”. Distinctions can be drawn between creature and state consciousness as well as among the varieties of each. One can refer specifically to phenomenal consciousness, access consciousness, reflexive or meta-mental consciousness, and narrative consciousness among other varieties.
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The change in state of consciousness in Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity and Islam is reported to be quite similar. The pursuit of yoga and the Buddhist Jhanas involve feelings of oneness with the world that give rise to a state of rapture. This is ... reported by those undergoing some forms of Christian (or Islamic) religious experience; for instance, James (1902) provides the following report:
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There are myriad gradations of consciousness, from the simple sentience of inanimate matter to the consciousness of basic life forms, to the higher consciousness of human embodiment, to omniscient states of superconsciousness, leading to immersion in the One universal consciousness, Parashakti. Chaitanya and chitta can name both individual consciousness and universal consciousness.
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