LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Computer Bus
built 191 days ago
The Computer Bus is no ordinary bus. It’s fitted with 10 PCs, an interactive smart board and a high-speed internet link thanks to a satellite dish on the roof - and it's coming to an estate near you soon!
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Buses are the actual lines that connect various components in the computer. The width of the bus determines the number of bits that can be sent simultaneously. In other words, the wider the bus the faster the computer. A one-byte bus (generally referred to as an eight-bit bus) is composed of eight lines. This means that eight bits can travel down the line at one time. A thirty-two bit bus, for example, can send four bytes at a time.
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A computer bus rack includes at least one circuit board. The circuit board has an increased density of add-on card slots, with the at least one circuit board having a front side and a back side, and the rack comprising a first plurality of slots coupled to the front side, and a second plurality of slots coupled to the back side. The first and second plurality of slots are arranged such that corresponding ones of the first and second slots are in substantial alignment, respectively. Also provided are a plurality of connectors having respective connector-pins extended in a direction substantially perpendicular to and away from the circuit board and having a column and row arrangement within the connectors. The connectors are affixed to the circuit board in alignment with the first and second plurality of slots, and each one of the plurality of connectors has connector-pins that are physically distinct from connector-pins of connectors of the other slots. Note that the slots on the front side and the back side are adapted to mate with add-on cards so as to increase the amount of add-on slots for a given form factor.
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Early computer buses were literally parallel electrical buses with multiple connections, but the term is now used for any physical arrangement that provides the same logical functionality as a parallel electrical bus. Modern computer buses can use both parallel and bit-serial connections, and can be wired in either a multidrop (electrical parallel) or daisy chain topology, or connected by switched hubs, as in the case of USB.
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Bus-Mastering bedeutet, dass der Prozessor eines Computersystems zeitweilig die Kontrolle über den Bus an eine Adapterkarte, den so genannten Busmaster, abgibt. Dieser Busmaster adressiert in der Folge selbständig Speicher und IO-Bereiche zum Zweck des Datentransfers. Der Busmaster operiert ... als eine Art Bridge bzw. wie eine eigenständige CPU. Während also solch ein sekundärer Prozessor den peripheren Bus beherrscht, ist die CPU meist in der Lage andere Arbeiten im System auszuführen, sofern die dafür nötigen Ressourcen im Zugriff sind. Meist ist der Bus zum Speicher hin noch teilweise nutzbar, es herrscht also Time-Sharing.
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A true bus network is passive – the computers on the bus simply listen for a signal; they are not responsible for moving the signal along. However, many active architectures can ... be described as a "bus", as they provide the same logical functions as a passive bus; for example, switched Ethernet can still be regarded as a
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Computer Bus