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Comparative Religion: Meanings
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Description: Prerequisites: Comparative Religion/Philosophy 110 or completion of General Education Category III.B.2.Hindu thought in its earliest period. Subjects will include an overview of Vedic literature, especially its religious content and the major rituals of the early Veda; philosophical developments in the Upanisads or later Veda; and related sacred writings.
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The Comparative Religion web contains selections on topics pertinent to Islam or common to Islam, Christianity, Judaism and other religions. These articles provide Islamic perspectives on common issues and highlight differences among the various religions.
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[One] disciple of Haavio that came to lay a permanent mark on the history of comparative religion in Finland was Asko Vilkuna. He published his doctoral dissertation, Das Verhalten der Finnen in ‘Heiligen’ (PYHÄ) Situationen, in the same year as Matti Hako. Vilkuna analyzes the Finnish term for the sacred, pyhä, and its equivalents among the Ob-Ugrians and Samoyeds. He shows that in the vernacular pyhä is an attribute of things, times, places and objects which possess a special quality of supernatural power (Finnish väki). Anything that is rendered pyhä is to be avoided and controlled by behavioral norms. Vilkuna compares the meanings of pyhä in prehistoric Finland to the Polynesian concept of tapu (taboo).
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In Turku University comparative religion is an anthropologically oriented discipline. In methodological training a great importance is attached to both on the theory and methods of training in ethnographic field research. Anthropological approach in collecting and analysing empirical data can be carried out in reference to religious traditions, but ... in reference to secular world views and ideologies not only in Europe but in other parts of world, too. Comparative religion in Turku University offers basic instruction that present mythologies, popular religion and ethnic processes among the Finnic peoples in the Baltic Sea culture area in particular and among other Finno-Ugric peoples in Northern Scandinavia, Russia and Siberia in general.
Nygren certainly tried to demarcate the kind of subject matter and the kinds of questions that theology addresses from the subject matter and questions proper to his empirical science of comparative religion. This is not so easy since the two disciplines have been closely intertwined from the early days of the latter. Originally, comparative religion was freely used to buttress theologians in their nineteenth century debate against the encroachments of science and Enlightenment on their authority. However, the concept of a primitive human society deeply imbued with religious feeling works either way, as the religious ideal from which secular moderns have lapsed, or as the flawed intellectual gropings over which scientific knowledge has triumphed.
From the comparative study of religions, Gandhi was convinced that a mere doctrinaire approach in the field of religion does not help to create inter religious fellowship. Dogmatic religions do not help to promote creative dialogue. The religions dogmas directly or indirectly breed an attitude of dislike towards other religions. Such an attitude does not help to provide any meeting grounds for religions. Gandhi realized that true religion vitalizes and elevates the inner life of human beings. The progress of any religion depends on how effectively one has been able to realise the inner spirituality and convictions in his day to day life.
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