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Clindamycin: Infections
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Because Clindamycin therapy has been associated with severe colitis which may end fatally, it should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate, as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section. It should not be used in patients with nonbacterial infections such as most upper respiratory tract infections. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon and may permit overgrowth of clostridia. Studies indicate that a toxin produced by Clostridium difficile is one primary cause of "antibiotic-associated colitis".
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Clindamycin (rINN) is a lincosamide antibiotic used in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. Clindamycin is a semisynthetic antibiotic derived from lincomycin by 7(S)-chloro-substitution of the 7(R)-hydroxyl group of the lincomycin. Clindamycin is marketed under various trade names including Dalacin (Pfizer), Cleocin (Pfizer) and Evoclin (Connetics) - in a foam delivery system.
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Clindamycin comes as a capsule and liquid to take by mouth; topical solution, lotion, and gel for skin infections; and vaginal cream. Clindamycin usually is taken every 6 hours for respiratory, pelvis, or abdomen infections or applied twice a day for acne. Shake the oral liquid well before each use to mix the medication evenly. Drink a full glass of water after each dose (capsules and oral liquid).
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Clindamycin is indicated in the treatment of anaerobic infections, including Bacteroides species. Its antibacterial spectrum of activity comprises gram-positive microorganisms (excluding enterococci), Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (including penicillinase-producing strains). Streptococci and pneumococci are ... susceptible to clindamycin.
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INTRODUCTION — Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic which is approved in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of anaerobic, streptococcal, and staphylococcal infections. Its major disadvantage is its propensity to cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea. (See "Pathophysiology and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection").
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Clindamycin is an antibiotic that is primarily used as a topical solution in an alcohol base to treat external infections. Therapy with clindamycin has been associated with severe colitis which may lead to death, therefore this drug should be reserved for serious infections when all other less toxic therapies have been exhausted. Side effects include abdominal cramps and pain, diarrhea, sore throat, fever, and skin rash.
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