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1. Civil War -- American Civil War
   Following the Civil War, the growth of industry in the United States was tremendous, and much of this was made possible with inventions by ethnic minorities. By 1913 over 1,000 inventions were patented by black Americans. Among the most notable inventors were Jan Matzeliger, who developed the first machine to mass-produce shoes, and Elijah McCoy, who invented automatic lubrication devices for steam engines. Granville Woods had 35 patents to improve electric railway systems, including the first system to allow moving trains to communicate. He even sued Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison for stealing his patents and won both cases. Garrett Morgan developed the first automatic traffic signal and gas mask.
2. War in Literature -- Civil War
   From his experience in the Spanish Civil War came Hemingway's great novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), which, in detailing an incident in the war, argues for human brotherhood. His novella The Old Man and the Sea (1952) celebrates the indomitable courage of an aged Cuban fisherman. Among Hemingway's other works are the novels To Have and Have Not (1937) and Across the River and into the Trees (1950); he ... edited an anthology of stories, Men at War (1942). Posthumous publications include A Moveable Feast (1964), a memoir of Paris in the 1920s; the novels Islands in the Stream (1970) and True at First Light (1999), a safari saga begun in 1954 and edited by his son Patrick; and The Nick Adams Stories (1972), a collection that includes previously unpublished pieces.
3. Sojourner Truth -- Civil War
   During the Civil War, Sojourner Truth took up the issue of women's suffrage. She was befriended by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, but disagreed with them on many issues, most notably Stanton's threat that she would not support the black vote if women were denied it. Although she remained supportive of women's suffrage throughout her life, Truth distanced herself from the increasingly racist language of the women's groups. Truth died on November 26, 1883. In her old age, she had let go of Pentecostal judgement and embraced spiritualism. Her last words were "be a follower of the Lord Jesus."
4. Lucretia Mott -- Civil War
   A fluent, moving speaker, Mott retained her poise before the most hostile audiences. After the Civil War she worked to secure the franchise and educational opportunities for freedmen; since passage of the Fugitive Slave Law in 1850, she and her husband had ... opened their home to runaway slaves escaping via the Underground Railroad. She continued to be active in the causes of women's rights, peace, and liberal religion until her death. Her last address was given to the Friends' annual meeting in May 1880.
5. Dorothea Dix -- Civil War
   Shortly following the attack on Fort Sumter in April 1861, 59-year-old Dorothea Dix offered her services to the Union Army and was appointed the Superintendent of Female Nurses in June. She would work without compensation throughout the war.
6. Civil War -- Stories
   Civil War is a 2006-2007 Marvel Comics crossover event built around a seven-issue limited series of the same name written by Mark Millar, and penciled by Steve McNiven. The storyline builds upon the events that developed in the previous Marvel crossovers, particularly Avengers Disassembled, House of M, Decimation, and Secret War.
7. American Civil War -- Men
   Civil War Victorian - This is a site based mainly on the home-front of the American Civil War. It contains useful information for women and men who participate in Living History events.
8. Civil War -- Battles
   The number of visitors at Civil War battlefields skyrocketed. Sales of all books about the war went up. "Ashokan Farewell," the hauntingly beautiful theme song written and performed by Jay Ungar, began to be played at people's weddings and funerals.
9. Clara Barton -- Civil War
   Clara Barton was a brave nurse during a war in the United States. She saw that hospitals did not have supplies. Soldiers needed medicine and bandages. Barton wrote letters to newspapers asking people to help. She went to the battlefield many times to give the soldiers what they needed.
10. Harriet Tubman -- Civil War
    After the end of the Civil War, Harriet Tubman should have received a pension from the Union, but did not until some 30 years following. With the proceeds from the sales of her biography, she was able to purchase a house in New York. She then married Nelson Davis. During this time, she founded and funded the Harriet Tubman Home for Sick or Indigent African Americans. There, she was taken care of when she became too sick to care for others. Upon her death, Tubman was honored with a full military burial for not only her help with the Union forces and her donation to the betterment of humanity, but her unyielding work freeing her African-American counterparts from bondage.

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