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Ciprofloxacin
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Ciprofloxacin is approved for prophylaxis following inhalational anthrax exposure1. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ciprofloxacin (500 mg, orally, two times a day for 60 days) is the antibiotic of choice for initial prophylactic therapy among asymptomatic pregnant women exposed to Bacillus anthracis. In instances where the specific B. anthracis strain has been shown to be penicillin-sensitive, prophylactic therapy with amoxicillin (500 mg, orally, three times a day for 60 days) may be considered2. CDC guidelines for treatment of anthrax infection in pregnant women recommend either ciprofloxacin or doxycycline with one or two other antibiotics added for inhalational anthrax or systemic involvement3.
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Ciprofloxacin is indicated for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli. Although effective in clinical trials, ciprofloxacin is not a drug of first choice in the pediatric population due to an increased incidence of adverse events compared to the controls, including those related to joints and/or surrounding tissues. The rates of these events in pediatric patients with complicated urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis within six weeks of follow-up were 9.3% (31/335) versus 6% (21/349) for control agents. The rates of these events occurring at any time up to the one year follow-up were 13.7% (46/335) and 9.5% (33/349), respectively. The rate of all adverse events regardless of drug relationship at six weeks was 41% (138/335) in the ciprofloxacin arm compared to 31% (109/349) in the control arm.
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DRUG INTERACTIONS: Ciprofloxacin administered together with theophylline can lead to elevated, toxic blood levels of theophylline. Theophylline is used to open airways in the treatment of asthma. Toxic levels of theophylline can lead to seizures, and disturbances in heart rhythm. If concurrent use of ciprofloxacin and theophylline cannot be avoided, frequent blood tests to monitor theophylline blood levels are recommended.
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Ciprofloxacin is available with a prescription under the brand name Cipro. Other brand or generic formulations may ... be available. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about this medication, especially if it is new to you.
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Ciprofloxacin eye ointment is only for use in the eye. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Wash hands before and after use. Tilt your head back slightly and pull your lower eyelid down with your index finger to form a pouch. Try not to touch the tip of the tube, to your eye, fingertips, or any other surface. Squeeze the end of the tube to apply a thin layer of the ointment to the inside of the lower eyelid.
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The Ciprofloxacin is characterized with very good pharmacokinetic parameters. After one fold peroral application of 500 mg the maximal serum concentrations (from 1,5 to 2 mkg/ml) are reached within the 60th and 90th minutes, remaining as therapeutic serum levels toward the most of the pathogenous microorganisms up to the 12th hour.
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Ciprofloxacin