LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: United States
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Interestingly, a small study found that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was twice as common in patients with COPD as in the general population. It was ... less likely to respond to anti-GERD medications. A statistically significant association between GERD and COPD exacerbations was found, but the study was unable to conclude that GERD causes COPD flares. However, the authors did conclude that COPD patients with GERD symptoms at least once a week are more likely to have more exacerbations than COPD patients without GERD or with GERD symptoms under control.
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COPD is a progressive and possibly fatal disease. You and your health professional should discuss what types of medical treatment you want to receive if sudden, life-threatening breathing problems develop, such as whether you want to receive mechanical ventilation. This discussion may include the possibility of your creating an advance directive to state your wishes if you become unable to communicate them. For more information, see the topics Writing an Advance Directive and Care at the End of Life.
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A primary risk factor of COPD is chronic tobacco smoking. In the United States, around 80 to 90% of cases of COPD are due to smoking.[8] Not all smokers will develop COPD, but continuous smokers have at least a 25% risk.[9]
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After the first 2 weeks of supplementation, all participants underwent an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. Compared with the placebo, creatine significantly increased muscle strength, muscle endurance, and overall health status, but not exercise capacity.15 The amount of creatine used in this study was 5 grams three times a day for 2 weeks, and then 5 grams once a day for 10 weeks.
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