LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Childhood Cancer
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The most common form of childhood cancer, a specific type of leukemia, has about an 85% cure rate. Unfortunately, the chemotherapy used to treat it can have lasting effects on the brain.
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More encouraging is the fact that five-year relative survival rates for many of the childhood cancers increased dramatically in this country from the 1960s to the 1970s (Ries et al., 1990; Miller and McKay, 1984). For example, the five-year survival rate for acute lymphocytic leukemia in children increased from 1 percent to almost 75 percent.
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The impact of childhood cancer on children and their families is incredible. It affects not only the child but ... their brothers and sisters, parents, grand parents, friends and indeed the whole community.
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[L]ast week, those assumptions were shattered, at least in the case of a childhood cancer. A screening test that looked as if it would save children from terrible deaths from a cancer of the nervous system utterly failed to fulfill its promise.
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Retinoblastoma constitutes only 2.5 percent of childhood cancers, and about 90 percent of these children survive. Forty percent of retinoblastomas are hereditary, predominantly bilateral, and occur earlier than the nonfamilial variety, with the peak incidence occurring shortly after birth (Knudson, 1989).
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Childhood Cancer