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Charles V: Catholic Europe
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Charles V was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1519 to 1556. He was a devout Catholic who often, including his declining years, spent time in monasteries. He was the most important political figure of the reformation period.
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Charles V, the most powerful man of his time, failed to achieve his dream of a universal empire, thwarted by the political realities of Western Europe. He ... failed to stop the Reformation and although he bitterly opposed the views of Martin Luther he never acted against him.
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In 1530, Charles, attempting to bring about a reformation within the Catholic Church through the convocation of a universal council... tried to find a modus vivendi with the Protestants. The Catholics, however, replied to the Confession of Augsburg, the basic confessional statement of the Lutheran Church, with the Confutation, which met with Charles's approval. The final decree issued by the Diet accordingly confirmed, in somewhat expanded form, the resolutions embodied in the Edict of Worms of 1521. This, in turn, caused the Protestant princes to close ranks in the following year in the Schmalkaldic League. Faced with renewed Turkish onslaughts, the Emperor granted some concessions in return for armed support against the enemy. In 1532 a large army under Charles's personal command faced Süleyman's forces before the city of Vienna, but the order to give decisive battle was withheld.
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Charles’ strategy of creating a global Christian empire had several factors. First of all he had to restore peace between the Christian rulers in Europe. The illumination of heresy, which he thought Protestantism was promoting, and additionally ending the corruption of the Catholic Church. And of course driving the Turks out of Europe was another goal.
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