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Cerebral Palsy (Disabled): Children
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A large number of children with cerebral palsy have strabismus, a condition in which the eyes are not aligned because of differences in the left and right eye muscles. In an adult, this condition causes double vision. In children... the brain often adapts to the condition by ignoring signals from one of the misaligned eyes. Untreated, this can lead to very poor vision in one eye and can interfere with certain visual skills, such as judging distance. In some cases, physicians may recommend surgery to correct strabismus.
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Of all children diagnosed with cerebral palsy, 90% live to adulthood (beyond 20 years old).3 Most adults with CP are employed, despite moderate to severe physical disability. As your child with CP approaches this stage of life, consider enrolling him or her in occupational therapy as part of a gradual preparation for independent living. Helping your child be independent requires patience and resourcefulness on your part. Expect some frustrating setbacks or obstacles. Your child may need extra help and encouragement to prepare for additional expectations and responsibilities.
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Most children with cerebral palsy do learn to walk, although often much later than normal. In general, the less severely affected the child is and the earlier she is able to sit without help, the more likely she is to walk. If she can sit without assistance by age 2, her chances for walking may be good-although many other factors are involved. Some children begin to walk at age 7, 10, or even older.
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Ataxic cerebral palsy causes unsteady, shaky movements which are accompanied by problems with clumsiness, balance and poor coordination. Muscle weakness and trembling occur. Children with this disorder have difficulty making rapid or fine movements and walk unsteadily with legs widely spaced. This condition occurs in 10% of children with cerebral palsy.
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Most students of cerebral palsy agree that the causes are more often found in events during pregnancy than birth (see: British Medical Journal 1999;319:1054-9). Others dispute this hypothesis (see: BMJ 2000;320:1626 17 June), arguing that an important minority of neurodevelopmental problems in children are secondary to perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic damage (lack of oxygen during birth). The ongoing argument is to set the proportion related to pregnancy versus the proportion due to events during birth. Clearly an infant that is compromised during pregnancy is more vulnerable to the stress of birth, so the argument may be somewhat pointless.
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Children who have mild motor impairment and who are suspected of cerebral palsy at one year of age are often free of motor symptoms by early school age. These children... are more likely to have other developmental problems, including mental retardation, learning disability, seizures, and speech problems than those with no early motor problems. Early identification and treatment of cerebral palsy and/or other related developmental problems may stabilize the impairment and reduce associated disability.
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